用USDT兑换美元，到底靠得住吗？
作者：吴解区块链
USDT是一种法币挂钩的数字货币
撰稿时USDT市值排名第十二名
截止撰稿时USDT市值为160.8亿元
三、关于Tether
iii, on Teth
Tether是一家私人公司，其注册地在香港，用户向公司存入法币，就可以获得公司发行的等量代币，代币可以用于转账交易，任何持有 Tether 代币的用户，只要在Tether 公司完成用户认证，即可以以 1：1 的比例（扣除汇款手续费）用代币换回法币。
目前支持美元（USDT）、欧元（EURT）和日元（JPYT），分别托管于不同的银行。下面来回顾一下关于Tether公司的重大新闻事件。
The United States dollar (USDT), the euro (EURT) and the Japanese yen (JPYT) are currently being held in separate banks.
2014 年， Bitfinex 的首席战略官 Philip Potter 和财务总监 Giancarlo Devasini 在英属维尔京群岛成立了 Tether 公司，并发行了 1：1 锚定美元的稳定数字货币 USDT。
In 2014, the Chief Strategic Officer of Bitfinex, Philip Potter, and the Director of Finance, Giancarlo Devasini, established Tether in the British Virgin Islands and issued 1:1 fixed dollar-based stable digital currency USDT.
2017 年 3 月：富国银行冻结了 Bitfinex 在台湾的三个银行账户，并停止了其美元汇出的业务。
March 2017: Rich-country banks frozen three bank accounts in Taiwan in Bitfinex and stopped their dollar transfer operations.
2017 年 9 月：服务于 Tether 的财务审计公司 Friedman LLP 发布评估报告，称并没有对 Tether 公布的银行账户进行相关评估，并表示该公司的资金除了代币与现金兑换业务外，还有可能进行了其他的投资活动。
September 2017: The financial auditing firm Friedman LLP, which serves Tether, issued an evaluation report stating that no relevant assessment was made of the bank account disclosed by Tether and that the company's funds were likely to carry out other investment activities in addition to currency and cash exchange operations.
2017 年 11 月：名为 Bitfinex’ed 推特网友发文表示， Bitfinex 通过 USDT 操纵比特币价格，并称 Tether 没有任何证据证明“每一个 USDT 都有一美元作为支撑”。
November 2017: Bitfinex'ed Twitter friend wrote that Bitfinex manipulates bitcoin prices through USDT and claims that Tether has no evidence that “each USDT is supported by a dollar”.
2017 年 11 月 30 日：Bitfinex 和 Tether 联合声明人的 Ronn Torossian 就最近“Bitfinex 通过 USDT 操作比特币价格”的传言做出回应，称匿名爆料者“Bitfinex’ed”存在不良动机。
November 30, 2017: Ron Torossian, a joint statement by Bitfinex and Tether, responded to a recent rumour that “Bitfinex operates bitcoin prices through USDT”, stating that the anonymous blaster “Bitfinex” had bad motives.
2017 年 12 月：媒体报道称，在 Tether 公关团队的声明中，他们透露出 USTD 可能是由其他数字货币支持的而非美元，因此 bitfinex 或许将面临进一步严格的审查。
December 2017: Media reports suggest that, in Tether's statement, they revealed that USTD might be supported by other digital currencies rather than by the United States dollar, so that bitfinex may face further scrutiny.
不仅如此，深扒其团队成员信息后发现，Tether公司的CEO 和数字货币交易所Bitfinex的CEO是同一个人，名为JL VAN DER VELDE，不仅如此，其CFO和首席战略官等核心成员都是同一人，这足以表明两家公司都是由同一批人掌控的。
Moreover, after scavenging their team members, it became clear that the CEO of
四、USDT的特点
根据前文，大家知道了USDT是由Tether公司发行的，它并不是一个真正符合区块链理念的数字货币，它是一个绝对中心化的数字货币，尽管如此，但是它依然有着巨大的用户基数，我们还是来看看其在设计上的特点。
According to the foregoing, it is known that the USDT was issued by Tether, that it is not a digital currency that really corresponds to the block chain concept, that it is an absolutely centralized digital currency, but that it still has a huge user base, and we look at its design features.
1：1准备金保证
根据 Tether 的 CTO 及联合创始人 Craig Sellars 称，用户可以通过 SWIFT 电汇美元至 Tether 公司提供的银行帐户，或通过交易所换取 USDT 。赎回美元时，反向操作即可。
According to Tether's CTO and co-founder Craig Sellars, the user can wire the United States dollar through SWIFT to a bank account provided by Tether, or exchange USDT through an exchange. When the dollar is redeemed, the reverse action is sufficient.
Tether 公司的网站宣称将严格遵守 1：1 的准备金保证，即每发行 1 枚 USDT 代币，其银行帐户都会有 1 美元的资金保障。
The website of Tether stated that it would strictly adhere to the 1:1 reserve guarantee that its bank account would have a financial guarantee of $1 per USDT token issued.
代币保值，1 USDT=1 美元
token value, 1 USDT=$1
这算是 USDT 最大的特点，它与同数量的美元是等值的，1 USDT=1 美元，使之成为波动剧烈的加密货币市场中良好的保值代币，值得注意的是在发生丑闻后，USDT的价格一度跌至0.9美元左右。
This is one of the largest features of the USDT, which is equal to the same amount of United States dollars, with USDT = US$ 1, making it a good proxy in a highly volatile crypto-currency market. It is noteworthy that, after a scandal, the USDT price fell to around US$ 0.9.
五、USDT的优势
V, the advantage of USDT
优势一：规避整体下跌风险
USDT 在涨跌幅上不会出现巨大的波动，只跟随美元汇率的变化而变化，价格非常稳定，所以它最重要的意义就是避险，在币币交易所有币价全部下跌的情况下，可通过将数字资产转换为 USDT 的方式来规避风险。
With no significant fluctuations in the scale of increases or decreases, only with the changes in the dollar exchange rate and very stable prices, the most important thing is to avoid risk by converting digital assets to USD when all currency prices in currency transactions fall.
比如你买了 BTC，当 BTC 暴跌的时候，如果没有 USDT，那么你将无法进行仓位的控制，无论你如何进行币币交易，任何时候都只能是处于满仓状态。 但是有了 USDT，是当币价下跌时，我们可以立刻把币换成 USDT，从而保证你的资产不缩水。
For example, when the BTC collapses, and without USDT, you will not be able to control the position, and no matter how you deal in currency, you will be in a state of full storage at any time. But with USDT, when currency prices fall, we can replace it with USDT immediately, thus ensuring that your assets do not shrink.
优势二：让币价更加直观
币币交易中，常常不能直观看到每个币相应的价值。比如 ETH/BTC 交易对的价格是 0.0485BTC，那ETH的法币价值是多少呢？一般大家只能使用计算器算了，非常的不方便。但在支持 USDT 交易对的情况下，可以直观的看到每个币种价值多少美元。 In currency transactions, it is often not possible to see the corresponding value of each currency directly. For example, the ETH/BTC transaction is at a price of 0.0485 BTC, and what is the value of the ETH in French? Usually you can only use calculators, which is very difficult. 六、结语 six, concluding remarks USDT作为一个中心化的锚定美元的数字货币，Tether公司对于这一点并不否认，但是对于投资者而言，并不能够知道Tether公司对于准备金保证的如何，是否严格执行了每发行一个USDT都会有对应的美元保证金，对于这一点Tether公司今年并没有第三方审计机构的财务报表，所以有理由严重怀疑保证金制度的执行情况。 As a central moored dollar digital currency, Tether does not deny that `strong', but for investors it is not possible to know how Tether has secured the reserve, whether or not it has strictly enforced the United States dollar deposit that will be the counterpart for each issue of each USDT, for which Teth does not have financial statements from third-party audit institutions this year, so there are grounds for serious doubt as to the implementation of the bond system. 而如果Tether公司并没有如此多的保证金，那么USDT是超发了的，一旦出现大量用户需要换回美元，在没有足够保证金的前提下，必定无法满足用户需求，而这必定会给其价值带来严重打击，更加严重的是拥有大型交易所的Bitfinex团队能够掌控USDT的发行，如此一来使得他们拥有其操纵币价的能力，而这对于市场来说则是极其不利的！ And if Tether doesn't have so much bond, the USDT is superb, and if there's a large number of users who need to return to the dollar, they're not going to be able to meet the user's needs without enough security, and that's going to be a serious blow to their value. What's more serious is that the Bitfinex team with a large exchange is able to control the distribution of the USDT, so that they have the ability to manipulate their currency, which is extremely detrimental to the market! 责任编辑：何凯玲 
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