文|螳螂观察
作者| 青月
近两年，数字经济不断深化、互联网行业高速发展，科技圈也出现了一些新的技术流行语，元宇宙、NFT和Web3.0便是其中的典型。
In the last two years, the digital economy has deepened, the Internet industry has developed rapidly, and new technological popular language has emerged in the scientific and technological circles, as exemplified by the meta-cosm, NFT and Web3.0.
不过这段时间，元宇宙概念和NFT市场似乎都处于“降温”之中。
, however, the meta-cosmos concept and the NFT market appear to be in “reduced” during this period.
据「华尔街日报」5月初的数据显示，NFT市场似乎表现不佳，与去年9月的高点相比，下降了92%。NFT的活跃钱包数量也下降了约88%，上周的数据是14000个，而不是去年11月的高点119000个。
According to the Wall Street Journal at the beginning of May, the NFT market appears to have performed poorly, down 92% from its peak in September last year. The number of active NFT wallets has also fallen by about 88%, compared to 14,000 last week, not 119,000 in November.
（图源：极客公园）
(Figure: Polar Park)
极客公园统计数据显示，2022年3月和4月，元宇宙赛道分别发生22起和13起融资，相比之前几个月出现了小幅度的下滑。
Polar Park statistics show that in March and April 2022, 22 and 13, respectively, were financed in the Woncosmos track, a slight decline from the previous months.
与元宇宙和NFT不同，声量爆发较晚的Web3.0至今依旧是市场的焦点，以最近CyberConnect为例，5月17日，这家Web3.0 社交平台宣布完成 1500 万美元A轮融资，共有十一家投资机构参与其中；前不久去中心化投资平台Syndicate的600万美元融资名单中更是有超过50名投资方，其中不乏a16z这样的知名机构。Web3.0这个概念有着怎样的独到之处？又为什么还会有不少业内人士对这一概念提出质疑？从概念到落地，它还需要多少时间？
Unlike the Metacosm and NFT, the late-blowing Web3.0 remains the focus of the market. For example, on 17 May, the WebConnect announced the completion of a $15 million A round of financing, involving 11 investment agencies; more than 50 investors, including a well-known institution like a16z, were included in the $6 million financing list of the Centralized Investment Platform. What was the uniqueness of the concept of WebConnect?
Web3.0时代，谁都想抢占先机
Web3.0 > 美国前货币监理所的代理所长Brian Brook对Web3.0给出的定义是“可读写，同时可拥有”，但就是这样一个听起来似乎挺简单的概念，却引得各方疯狂。 Brian Brooks, the Acting Director of the former Monetary Supervisory Authority of the United States, defined Web3.0 as “readable and writeable, while at the same time owning”, but this was one concept that sounded so simple that it led to madness. 其一，大量苹果、亚马逊、Facebook等公司的高管纷纷辞职投入Web3项目。 One of them is the resignation of a large number of executives from Apple, Amazon, Facebook, etc. to the Web3 project. 今年1月，Facebook数字加密货币和支付部门Novi的前COO Sherice Torres辞职加盟Circle；2月，YouTube Gaming部门元老Ryan Wyatt离职加入Polygon；此外，亚马逊云高管Pravjit Tiwana加盟数字加密货币交易所Gemini担任CTO；Lyft的首席财务官Brian Roberts加入OpenSea，Twitter前CEO离职创立Block，诸如此类的案例，数不胜数。 In January of this year, former COO Sherece Torres of the Facebook Digital Encryption Money and Payments Department Novi resigned to join the Circle; in February, the elder Ryan Wyatt of the YouTube Gaming Department resigned to join Polygon; in addition, Gemini, the digital encryption currency exchange of Pravjit Tiwana, the Amazon cloud executive, joined the CTO; Brian Roberts, the chief finance officer of Lyft joined OpenSea; and in countless cases, former CEOs left to create Block, such as this one. 其二，对于这部分高管跳槽，微软、Twitter等科技巨头一边给出更诱人的条件留住员工，一边参与其中，比如微软最近就投资了区块链初创公司ConsenSys。 Second, has recently invested in ConsenSys, the start-up company of the block chain, while giving more attractive terms to the tech giants such as Microsoft, Twitter and others to retain their staff. 海外一片火热，国内也不落下风。2021年10月，TikTok就加入到Immutable X中，推出带有Immutable X的NFT；2022年3月，阿里巴巴早年收购的《南华早报》成立了NFT公司“Artifact Labs”；同月，腾讯和淡马锡、Mirae Asset等国际资本一起，投资了澳大利亚一家基于Web3.0技术的游戏初创公司Immutable。 In October 2021, TikTok joined Immutable X to launch NFT with Immutable X; in March 2022, the early acquisition of the South China Morning Post by Alibaba created the NFT company Artifact Labs; and in the same month, the international capital of Tetsu and Leatsi, Mirae Asset, among others, invested in Immutable, an Australian game starter based on Web3.0 technology. 其三，闻“风”而动的资本也在迅速“上车”。 
根据Crunchbase 报告显示，一共有152家风险投资公司投资了Web3.0独角兽企业。其中Coinbase Ventures 19笔投资；Digital Currency Group 14笔投资；Andreessen Horowitz 12笔投资；Ribbit Capital 9笔投资；老虎环球基金 8笔投资；软银愿景基金 4笔投资。红杉资本还推出了一支专注于加密货币的投资基金，资金规模在5亿至6亿美元之间，据不完全统计，这家顶级风投仅今年已经投资了20家Web3.0公司。
According to the Crunchbase report, 152 venture capital companies have invested in Web3.0 Unicorn. Of these, Coinbase Ventures made 19 investments; Digital Crisis Group 14 investments; Andreasn Horowitz 12 investments; Ribbit Capital 9 investments; Tiger World Fund 8 investments; and Soft and Silver Vision Fund 4 investments. Redwood Capital also launched an investment fund focused on encryption, with a capital size of between $500 million and $600 million, which, according to incomplete statistics, has invested only 20 Web3.0 companies this year.
最具代表性的当属硅谷顶级风投机构a16z，其投资过Uniswap、MakerDAO、Compound、Dapper Labs、Arweave、Optimism、Solana等知名项目，2021年仅AXS就收获20240%的涨幅。同样，它也是Web3领域的主导者，其在该领域的投资布局链路十分长且涉及范围广。
The most representative of the highest-level Silicon Valley wind project, a16z, has invested in such well-known projects as Uniswap, MakerDao, Compound, Dapper Labs, Arweave, Optimism, and Solana, which in 2021 alone generated 20240% of the increase. Similarly, it is a leader in the Web3 area, where the investment layout is very long and wide-ranging.
高管、海内外大厂以及风投机构们，绝对不是毫无理智就随“风”摇摆的角色，更不是“韭菜刀”能随意“切割”的对象，那么Web3.0有什么特质值得它们看重？
What are the attributes of Web3.0 worthy of consideration?
有条件、有技术、有成果，Web3.0不是新一轮的“镰刀”
Conditional, technical, productive. Web3.0 is not a new cycle of sickle
a16z合伙人Chris Dixon 认为：“加密技术不仅是金融的未来，而且与早期的互联网一样，有望改变我们生活的方方面面，驱动下一波计算机创新。”
According to Chris Dixon, a16z partner, “encryption technology is not only the future of finance, but, like the early Internet, promises to change all aspects of our lives and drive the next wave of computer innovation.”
这位“风投之王”如此看好Web3.0的原因，在「螳螂观察」看来，主要有三：第一，Web3.0涉及的底层技术，有一部分已经比较成熟。
The reason why Web3.0 is so well regarded by the King of the Wind. In Mantis Watch, there are three main things: first, some of the bottom technologies that Web3.0 involves are more mature.
区块链是Web3.0落地的关键技术，而关于区块链，平台、应用以及在某些行业的市场试验已经有相当多的研究，虽然从技术发展来看还有很长的一个阶段需要逐渐成熟。但区块链思维已经日益丰满。除了区块链之外，边缘计算、AI、底层算力也正在发挥越来越大的效应，让Web3.0的落地充满可行性。
Block chains are the key technology for Web3.0 landings, and there has been considerable research on block chains, platforms, applications, and market trials in certain industries, although there is still a long period of technological development that needs to be matured. But block chain thinking is becoming more and more abundant. In addition to block chains, margin computing, AI, bottom computing are also playing an increasing role in making Web3.0 landings more feasible.
第二，目前相关领域也已经诞生了一些比较出圈的应用。
Second, there are now more sophisticated applications in the field.
比如在分布储存项目里，风头正盛的Filecoin、踏踏实实的Swarm以及冉冉升起的Crust，都是未来撬开Web3.0大门的钥匙。
For example, in the distributed storage project, the booming Filecoin, the steady Swarm and the rising Crust are the keys to breaking the Web3.0 gate in the future.
又比如，顾荣辉教授与邵中教授2018年创办的区块链安全平台CertiK，就利用了目前最先进的形式化验证技术、AI审计技术，扫描及监控区块链协议和智能合约的安全性，并推出以Skynet为代表的SaaS产品，为企业提供安全解决方案。目前，其估值高达120亿元，背后还站着以老虎基金、高瓴创投、高盛、红杉资本等为代表的豪华资本阵营。
For example, the current state-of-the-art technology of certification, AI auditing techniques, scanning and monitoring the safety of block chain agreements and smart contracts, and the introduction of SaaS products, represented by Skynet, have been used to provide a safe solution for businesses. At present, it is valued at $12 billion, backed by luxury capital camps, represented by tiger funds, high-rise investments, Goldman Sachs, Redwood capital, etc.
交流平台的MetaNotey创始人郑小岳，也已经成功打造了一个以笔记为起点，集合钱包、NFT铸造、交流功能的去中心化社区平台，不过现阶段其主要的市场还在国外。
The founder of the Communication Platform, Cheng Xiaoyu, has also succeeded in building a decentralised community platform with notes as a starting point, bringing together wallets, NFT castings and communication functions, although its main market is still abroad at this stage.
郑小岳在与「猎云网」的对谈中提到，海外是Web3.0创业项目面向全球化的重要抓手，在海外创业沉淀的经验，未来可以更好地反哺国内市场。
In a conversation with Cloud Hunt, Jung Xiaoyu mentioned that
第三，近五年里，消费互联网的创新已经比较少了，Web2.0发展正在触及红利天花板。Web3.0将是“未来互联网的模样”。
Third, in the last five years, there has been less innovation to consume the Internet, and Web 2.0 development is touching the dividend ceiling. Web3.0 will be “The future of the Internet”.
这一点其实不用过多赘述，从海内外Web2.0大厂频繁裁员，以及被Web3.0所展现出的财富、发展空间以及去中心化精神吸引的高管跳槽中，可以窥见一二。
This, in fact, does not go into too much detail, as can be seen from the frequent layoffs at the Web 2.0 plant, both at home and abroad, as well as from the wealth shown by Web3.0, the development of space and the decentralized high-pipe jumpers.
有条件、有技术、有成果的Web3.0绝非一把收割“韭菜”的“镰刀”，那么为什么市场上会有这么多唱衰的声音？
The conditioned, skilled and productive Web3.0 is not a sickle to harvest “scaffles”, so why is there so much singing in the market?
被马斯克、多尔西唱衰，Web3.0何时将至？
科技圈大佬对Web3.0的 个人判断,对社会主流观点产生了持续性的影响。如特斯拉CEO马斯克就曾连发多条推特表达他对Web3.0的困惑，“有人看到Web3了吗？我找不到。”、“我并不是说Web3是真实存在的——它现在看起来更像是一个市场流行词而不是现实”。
The tech community's personal judgment of Web3.0 has had a continuing effect on the mainstream view of society. For example, Tesla Ceomask has repeatedly tweeted his confusion about Web3.0, “Did anyone see Web3? I can't find it?” "I'm not saying that Web3 is real — it now looks more like a market word than a reality”.
除了马斯克以外，Twitter前首席执行官多尔西也曾抨击过Web3.0，当然，每个新事物的诞生和发展都是曲折的，在「螳螂观察」看来，Web3.0现在确实有一些值得诟病的地方：
In addition to Mask, the former Chief Executive Officer of Twitter, Dolce, has criticized Web3.0. Of course, every new thing is born and developed in a twist. According to Mantis Watch, Web3.0 now does have something to blame for:
一方面，用户仍需要Web2.0平台。现阶段，虽然Web3.0逐渐兴起，但绝大部分人基于便捷和依赖，依旧选择对Web2.0妥协。
另一方面，虽然区块链、边缘计算、AI、底层算力等技术正在趋于成熟，但开发工具、技术标准、商业模式、分布式身份管理等，对Web3.0同样重要的要素均处于初级阶段。
On the other hand, while techniques such as block chains, margin computing, AI, bottom computing, etc. are maturing, the development of tools, technical standards, business models, distributed identity management, etc., are at an early stage as equally important elements for Web3.0.
除此之外，Web3.0背后的监管挑战同样巨大，像是号称最安全的比特币都被黑客攻击过，累计经济损失数以亿计，也就是说去中心化的加密算法也无法做到真正的安全，这也是监管也难管制的领域。
Beyond this, the regulatory challenge behind Web3.0 is just as great:
然而瑕不掩瑜，倘若Web3.0真正落地，首先，用户可以收回对其数据和内容的控制权。
However, if Web3.0 is actually on the ground, the user can first regain control of its data and content.
在Web3.0时代，用户将对自己的数据负责，既保护了隐私，更是创作者的“福音”。举一个简单的例子，你写了一篇文章，在Web3.0架构的互联网上利用区块链技术标记了自己的版权信息，这是不可销毁和篡改的，在智能合约的作用下，不管是谁转载了你这篇文章，都得给你钱。你不仅能够生产内容，还能控制内容。
In the Web3.0 era, users will be responsible for their own data, both to protect privacy and to make the creator's “Gosspel.” By way of a simple example, you wrote an article using block chain technology to mark your copyright information on the Web 3.0 structure, which is non-destructible and tampered with, and in the role of an intelligent contract, you will have to pay. You can not only produce content, you can also control content.
其次，科技巨头的垄断将被打破。去年国内对阿里罚款182亿和对美团34.42亿的反垄断处罚引起了市场的广泛的关注，当人们在讨论应该如何回收互联网大厂的权力，使其不能垄断整个互联网时，Web3.0凭借着其能在“某种程度上收回、控制互联网大厂的权力”也被多次提起，并被寄予厚望。
Second, the monopoly of the tech giant will be broken. The domestic fines of $18.2 billion on Ali and the anti-monopoly sanctions of $3.442 billion on the United States Corps last year gave rise to widespread concern in the market. When one discusses how the power of a major Internet plant should be recycled so that it cannot monopolize the Internet as a whole, Web3.0 has been raised many times by its power to “take back and control, to some extent, the big Internet plant.”
最后，Web3.0的落地还将创造更多的就业机会。远望资本田鸿飞就曾表示Web3.0领域中孕育了十大创业投资机会，通讯协议、分布式数据、去中心化身份系统等。“2009年诞生的比特币区块链，为2021年Web3.0的发展埋下了种子。我认为Web3将是巨大的范式变化。”
Finally, Web3.0’s landing will create more jobs. 's distant capital, Hung Fei, said that Web3.0 created 10 major entrepreneurial investment opportunities, communications agreements, distributional data, decentralised identity systems, etc. “The Bitcoin block chain, born in 2009, has planted seeds for the development of Web3.0 in 2021. I think Web3 will be a huge paradigm change.”
总而言之，目前，已经有越来越多的机构和个人都在积极投身于“探索Web3.0的实验”之中，但风险未除、监管未定，Web3.0时代并不会那么快的到来。
To sum up, more and more institutions and individuals are already actively involved in the “exploration of Web3.0 experiments”, but the risks remain unaltered and the Web3.0 era does not come so fast.
正如《2022加密行业状态报告》里指出的那样，虽然基于区块链技术的Web3.0仍处于早期发展阶段，且以目前以太坊拥有700万到5000万的活跃用户估算，当前Web3.0发展阶段相当于互联网的1995年。
As noted in the State of the Encrypted Industry Report 2022, while Web3.0 based on block chain technology is still at an early stage of development, it is estimated that there are currently 7 to 50 million active users in the district, and that the current Web3.0 development phase corresponds to the 1995 Internet.
但按照这个趋势来演算，到2031年Web3.0可能会达到10亿用户，在去泡沫化和持续性颠覆后，真正的Web3.0能否成功落地，又将以何种面貌出现，正处于技术和产业变革时代的我们，或许有机会见证。
But on the basis of this trend, the number of users of Web3.0 could reach 1 billion by 2031, and, after defoaming and persistent subversion, the true face of Web3.0 will emerge, and we may have the opportunity to witness it.
参考资料：
References:
《元宇宙热，降温了吗？》，宛辰
It's hot. Is it cool? It's hot.
《Web3.0第一场战争，在海外》，吕鑫燚
Web 3.0 First War, Overseas, Lui.
《Web3.0，区块链的必然》，孟永辉
"Web3.0, The Inevitability of the Block Chain." Meng Yonghui.
*本文图片均来源于网络
*The photos are from the Internet.
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