Web3.0是什么？
What's Web3.0?
Web1.0->Web2.0->Web3.0其实就是只读->读写->可拥有（包括可读可写）。
Web1.0->Web2.0->Web3.0 is actually read-only, read-write-> available (including readable and written).
Web1.0，是早期的互联网，门户网站。比如新浪、搜狐、网易、雅虎。内容，主要是这些网站编辑整理的，作为用户，我们只能浏览，只可读（Read-Only）。
Web1.0, the early Internet, the portal. For example, new waves, fox search, web search, Yahoo. Content, mainly edited by these sites, we can only browse as users and read only (Read-Only).
Web2.0，就是我们正经历的互联网。比如微博、推特、抖音、微信、facebook。内容，不仅是由平台生产，作为用户，我们也能贡献内容。不仅可读，还可写。Read+Write。
Web 2.0, the Internet that we're going through. For example, we have tweets, tweets, tremors, micro-mails, facebooks. Content, not only produced by the platform, as users, we can also contribute. Not only readable, but also written. Read+Write.
我们可以写帖子，可以发文章，可以拍视频。互联网，向前迈出了一大步。
We can write posts, we can post articles, we can make videos. The Internet, it's a big step forward.
但是还不够。因为这些内容本质上并不属于用户，而是属于平台。平台拥有所有权，所以它可以删除关于你的所有痕迹。
is not enough. These are not users, but platforms. The platform has ownership, so it can remove all traces of you.
显然，这是有问题的。我们需要Web3.0。
Obviously, there's a problem. We need Web3.0.
Web3.0
Web3.0，Read+Write+Own。除了可读、可写、还要可拥有。拥有自己的数据和内容，拥有自己的权力和收益。
Web3.0已经开始席卷文件存储、通讯、社交网络、保险、银行、视频、音乐等等行业。人们将在这个时代享有本应拥有的报酬。
Web3.0 has started scribbling documents, communications, social networks, insurance, banking, video, music, etc.
1
DAO是Web3.0的底层基础
要深层理解Web3.0，还要从它的由来说起。
Deep understanding of Web3.0 and starting with its origins.
2021年11月11日，一群加密爱好者组成的ConstitutionDAO组织在Twitter宣布，将通过DAO众筹资金的形式参与竞拍苏富比展出的1787年《美国宪法》，该宪法全世界仅存13份。通过区块链技术推出资金众筹入口，将权利去中心化。没想到，短短72小时，17000人众筹4000万美元。不过，受到万众瞩目的ConstitutionDAO并未如愿，以微弱优势输给了芝加哥首富。
On November 11, 2021, Constitution DAO, a group of cryptographers, announced on Twitter that it would participate in the 1787 American Constitution presented by Sufubi in the form of a DAO public fund-raising campaign, which has only 13 copies worldwide. Centralizes rights through block-link technology. In 72 hours, 17,000 people raised $40 million.
72小时众筹4000万美元，ConstitutionDAO的尝试标志着去中心化组织DAO的成功，成为Web3.0率先的尝试。DAO如同Web3.0的底层基础，没有安全可靠的DAO，Web3.0就如同空中楼阁。代表去中心化世界的Web3.0是一个可读写、可拥有的网络。
Seventy-two hours for $40 million, and the attempts of ConstitutionDAO mark the success of the decentralised DAO, which became the first attempt at Web3.0.
为了实现Web3.0，提出Web3.0的以太坊联合创始人GavinWood开发了区块链项目波卡，基于区块链技术构建Web3.0平台。
In order to achieve Web3.0, Gavin Wood, the co-founder of Web3.0, presented, developed the Pocket Chain Project, which builds the Web 3.0 platform based on block chain technology.
在Web2.0的技术基础上，Web3.0将通过分布式账本、非对称加密、共识机制和智能合约等区块链技术，搭建全新的去中心世界。Web3.0以NFT为核心，适应分布式网络，标志着应用链时代的来临。
On the basis of Web 2.0 technology, Web3.0 will build a new central world through block-link technologies such as distributed books, asymmetric encryption, consensus mechanisms and smart contracts. Web3.0 will focus on NFTs, adapt to distributed networks and mark the dawn of the era of application chains.
DAO模式代表着Web3.0的诞生，而加密资产是DAO组织最核心的精髓，也是区块链最伟大的发明，Web3.0世界需要每个人拥有区块链钱包，像是进入Web3.0世界的门票。
The
2
Web3.0的四大基础设施
Four Major Infrastructures at
区块链和跨链技术
Web3.0这个名字出现得比区块链更早。但在区块链兴起之前，Web3.0因缺乏解决方案只能停留在概念阶段。
The name Web3.0 appeared earlier than the block chain, but before the block chain arose, Web3.0 had to remain at the conceptual stage for lack of solutions.
随着区块链技术的发展和加密货币投资者的增多，以太坊、Polkadot等区块链生态中涌现出一批与Web3.0相关的项目。因此，区块链技术奠定了Web3.0发展的基础。就整个区块链行业而言，多链并存的格局还会持续很长时间。
With the development of block chain technology and the growth of encrypt money investors, a number of projects related to Web3.0 have emerged in the ecology of block chains such as Taiping and Polkadot. Thus, block chain technology has laid the foundation for Web3.0 development.
在这种情况下，不同区块链生态的Web3.0用户有进行交互的需求，跨链技术会在这个过程中发挥重要作用。
In this context, the web 3.0 users of the different block chain ecology have an interactive need and cross-chain technologies can play an important role in this process.
目前，主要的跨链技术包括公证人机制、侧链或中继、哈希时间锁定、分布式私钥控制等。
去中心化身份
goes to centralize the identity
在整个Web3.0的架构中，去中心化身份（Decentralized Identity，DID）是至关重要的一环。DID与Web3.0的核心理念相符，允许用户拥有并控制自己的数字身份。
In the entire Web3.0 architecture, decentralised identity is an essential link. The DD corresponds to the core concept of Web3.0 and allows users to own and control their digital identity.
DID中包含用户的身份信息和隐私数据，只有在经过用户授权的情况下才能使用，具有安全性、可验证和互操作性等特点。
The DD contains user identification information and privacy data, which can only be used with the authorization of the user and have features such as security, authentication and interoperability.
DID系统以去中心化的方式实现身份的发现、识别和验证，不依赖中心化身份系统的审核和许可。
The
分布式存储
distributed store
Web3.0致力于改变中心化平台对数据的控制，从这个角度来看，Web3.0项目不会将数据存储在中心化的服务器中。因此，Web3.0项目会有海量的数据存储需求，分布式存储是重要基础设施。
From this perspective, Web3.0 does not store data in a centralized server. Therefore, Web3.0 has a large data storage requirement and distributed storage is an important infrastructure.
相比传统的中心化存储，分布式存储具有安全性高、隐私保护、防止单点失效等优势。但在实际应用过程中，分布式存储面临着可靠性、用户体验和监管政策等方面的风险。
Distributive storage has the advantage of high safety, privacy protection, and preventing single points from failing, compared to traditional centralized storage. In practice, however, distributed storage faces risks in terms of reliability, user experience, and regulatory policy.
当前主要的分布式存储项目包括Filecoin和Arweave等。
隐私计算
Privacy Calculating
在Web2.0中，中心化平台的商业模式普遍是通过用户的数据资源获取流量和利润。在Web3.0中，也存在对数据的使用和分析需求。
In Web 2.0, the business model of the centralized platform is generally derived from the user's data resources for flow and profit. in Web3.0 also has a demand for data use and analysis.
但是考虑到数据安全和个人隐私，需要在用户的数据和隐私得到保障的前提下，通过隐私计算的方式完成计算任务。
However, taking into account data security and personal privacy, computational tasks need to be performed through privacy calculations, with user data and privacy guaranteed.
安全多方计算是隐私计算的一种解决方案，可以使互不信任的参与方之间保护隐私的情况下实现协同计算。
Safe crowd counting is a solution to the calculation of privacy and allows for coordinated calculations where privacy is protected between parties who do not trust each other.
3
Web3.0有哪些应用？
What are the applications of Web3.0?
1.去中心化自治组织(DAO)
1. Decentralised Autonomous Organizations (DAOs)
DAO是在线成员共有的社区，由成员的共识而非集中领导来管理。
DAO is a community shared by online members and is managed by consensus rather than by centralized leadership.
2.去中心化金融(DeFi)
2. DeFi
去中心化金融或 "DeFi "是指金融领域（储蓄、贷款和外汇兑换）的去中心化应用。
Decentralized finance or " deFi " refers to decentralized applications in the financial sector (savings, loans and foreign exchange).
3.稳定币和中央银行数字货币(CBDCs)
3. Stable currency and central bank digital currency (CBDCs)
稳定币是私人发行的加密货币，相对于美元或欧元，稳定币会在一段时间内保持稳定价值。有法币抵押的稳定币:例如与美元挂钩的稳定币，保有法币的资产储备，以匹配每个代币的发行价值。其他项目通常是通过抵押数字资产或自动执行智能合约的算法保持来稳定。中央银行数字货币（CBDCs）是由政府发行的数字货币，象征着国家主权和义务。
Stable currency is a private, encrypted currency, which will remain stable over time in relation to the United States dollar or the euro. Stable currency with a French currency: for example, a stable currency pegged to the dollar, with a reserve of assets in French to match the issuing value of each currency.
4.隐私和数字基础设施
4. Privacy and digital infrastructure
目前的许多区块链网络存在的局限性是——设计完全透明。但是，密码学新领域的前沿研究，使得从数学上证明信息的有效性成为可能，而无需提供信息本身。
The limitations of many of the current block chain networks are that the design is fully transparent. However, cutting-edge research in new areas of cryptography makes mathematical proof of the validity of the information possible without the need to provide the information itself.
5.创造者经济 (Creator Economy)
5. Creative Economy
创作者经济，是新兴的创作者社区，如艺术家、音乐家、游戏开发者等等，直接与支持者（粉丝）联系，在没有中介的情况下进行合作，创造者们能够获得独立收入来源。
The creative economy is an emerging community of creators, such as artists, musicians, game developers, etc., who are in direct contact with their supporters (crowders), cooperate without intermediaries, and creaters have access to independent sources of income.
6.链游（Gamefi）
6. (Gamefi)
基于区块链的游戏，是指构建在区块链技术上的游戏。
A block-chain-based game is a game built in block-chain technology.
Web3.0与元宇宙也是一体两面的关系。
Web3.0的技术特性，为元宇宙生态构建提供更为匹配的环境，Web3.0与元宇宙具有一体两面的关系，二者具有四种常见状态：可分离、可交叉、可重合，又可以是层级关系
The technical characteristics of Web3.0 provide a more compatible environment for meta-cosmography. Web3.0 has a two-face relationship to meta-cosm, which has four common conditions: separable, cross-cutting, collusive and hierarchical relationships
Web3.0的技术演进告别技术模块化迭代模式，转向全方位科技集成发展模式。
The technology evolution of the Web3.0 technology farewell technology modular iterative model, moving towards a full-scale integrated technology development model.
可以说，元宇宙是Web3.0的一个大的应用场景，也是5G、VR/AR、区块链、NFT、DeFi等的应用场景。
can be said to be a big application for Web3.0 and for 5G, VR/AR, block chains, NFT, DeFi, etc.
Web3.0的出现，不仅能打破谷歌、Twitter和Facebook等互联网巨头的垄断，或将催生出融合元宇宙、NFT等新兴概念的科技巨头。
The advent of Web3.0 will not only break the monopoly on Internet giants such as Google, Twitter and Facebook, but will also give rise to technological giants that integrate emerging concepts such as the meta-cosm and NFT.
畅想Web3.0未来的应用，加密资产和NFT是新世界的数字商品，DeFi代表着Web3.0世界的去中心化金融，DAO是全新的管理新方式，GameFi和Metaverse是Web3.0星球的娱乐方式。Web3.0将在NFT、DAO、GameFi和元宇宙出现不同板块的商业帝国，协同构建Web3.0新世界。
Thinking about Web3.0 applications for the future, encryption assets and NFTs are digital commodities in the new world Web3.0 will create commercial empires with different plates in NFT, DAO, GameFi and metacos to build Web3.0 .
4
投资机会与风险并存
Investment opportunities and risks coexist
虽然2014年Web 3.0就被提出，但因为缺乏一个非常具体且被大众熟知的应用场景，一直都处于一个不温不火的状态。但今年，随着数字货币、NFT、元宇宙等全面爆发，越来越多的人开始参与到去中心化、虚拟身份、加密货币的讨论之中，也顺势点燃了科技界和投资界对于Web 3.0的热情。
Although Web 3.0 was presented in 2014, the lack of a very specific and well-known application scene has been in a quiet state. But this year, with the full outbreak of digital money, NFT, the meta-cosm, etc., an increasing number of people began to participate in discussions on decentralisation, virtual identity, and encrypted currency, and the growing enthusiasm for Web 3.0 in the scientific and investment worlds.
以红杉资本，A16Z为代表的风投开始跑步入场，从解构Web3.0概念到提前布局相关公司再到游说监管部门调整政策，大有一种Web3.0大势将至的感觉。
The A16Z windfall, represented by Redwood capital, began to run, from deconstructing the Web3.0 concept to pre-positioning related companies to lobbying for regulatory adjustment policies, with a sense that Web3.0 would prevail.
仅2022年1到4月，红杉资本以每周一家的投资速度，共投资了17家Web3公司。而Coinbase Ventures仅在2022年第一季度就投资了71家公司。
In January-April 2022 alone, Redwood capital invested 17 Web3 companies at the rate of one per week, while Coinbase Ventures invested 71 companies in the first quarter of 2022 alone.
Cryptopolitan数据显示，2022年第一季度，Web3.0初创公司已获得超1.73亿美元的投资。而2020年全年的投资只有2000万美元。
虽然如此，但行业内对Web3.0的看法也不尽相同。特斯拉CEO马斯克曾表示Web3.0像是一个胡说八道，此举反而把Web3.0炒得更火了。无论如何，众多VC带着源源不断的资本投向Web3.0，介入了未来互联网的改变。
notwithstanding, industry views of Web3.0 vary. Tesla CEOmask once said that Web3.0 was a bollocks, which in turn made Web3.0 more hot. In any case, a lot of VCs are investing in Web3.0 with a steady flow of capital and are involved in future Internet changes.
Web3.0目前处于非常早期的探索阶段，大量项目鱼龙混杂，真正成功的很少，绝大多数成为创新试错中的牺牲品，对投资人而言，投资风险很大。
这种风险包括不成熟的技术，如面临技术返中心化的困境。
This risk includes immature technologies, such as the dilemma of technology return to centre.
以Web3.0区块链核心技术为例，其应该能打造去中心化的环境，但是如果区块链用户不是很多，那么上网交易时，很难找到交易对象。这时候需要引入交易所，通过海量的人物图谱完成交易配对，然后进行交易。如此一来，交易又返回到了中心化，交易所具有了传统网络下平台的权力。
The Web3.0 block chain core technology, for example, should make it possible to decentralize the environment, but if there are not many block chain users, it is difficult to find a target for online transactions. This time it is necessary to introduce an exchange, to do the match-up through a big map of people, and then to do the transaction. As a result, the transaction returns to the centre, and the exchange has the power of a platform under the traditional network.
同时，还有监管的缺位给骗子可乘之机。
At the same time, there are regulatory gaps that can be used by fraudsters.
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