近日，韩国首尔市政府发布了《元宇宙首尔五年计划》（下称“计划”），宣布从2022年起分三个阶段在经济、文化、旅游、教育、信访等市政府所有业务领域打造元宇宙行政服务生态。
In recent days, the Seoul City Government of Korea has released the Seoul Five-Year Plan for the Yuan Cosmos (hereinafter referred to as “the Plan”), announcing that, starting in 2022, it has been working in three phases to create the Yuan Cosmos Administrative Services ecology in all areas of the city's business, including the economy, culture, tourism, education and mail visits.
元宇宙（Metaverse）一词诞生于科幻小说《雪崩》（Snow Crash）。该书于1992年出版后好评如潮，却不想30年后书中描绘的虚拟世界布局成为各方憧憬的“绿洲”，更成为了商机。
The term Metaverse was born in the science fiction “Snow Crash.” The book, which was published in 1992, was well received, but did not want the virtual world layout described in the book 30 years later to become the “Oasis” desired by all parties and to become a business opportunity.
今年3月10日，沙盒游戏平台Roblox作为第一个将“元宇宙”概念写进招股书的公司，成功登陆纽交所，上市首日市值突破400亿美元，引爆了科技和资本圈。此后，脸谱网等互联网巨头纷纷嗅到了其中商机，并大举押注这一领域。
On March 10 this year, Roblox, the first company to write the concept of the “won cosmos” into a book of shares, successfully landed in New York, with a market value of $40 billion on the first day of the market, triggering technology and capital circles. Since then, Internet giants, such as Facebook, have been sniffing business opportunities and bets on this field.
如今，除了科技界、企业界、资本界，甚至是政府部门都开始畅想一个由元宇宙构建的未来。首尔提出的上述计划，让韩国成为了“元宇宙”热潮中首个将这一概念纳入城市规划，与传统政务相结合的国家。
Today, with the exception of the scientific and technological world, the business world, the capital world, and even the government sector, the future is built by the Won-Cosmos. Seoul’s above-mentioned initiative has made South Korea the first country to incorporate the concept into urban planning and to combine it with traditional government.
首尔科学综合研究生院大学主任教授黄菲在接受第一财经采访时表示，疫情下，非接触性社会的现状持续，所以不难理解元宇宙目前很受资本追捧的事实，“但元宇宙的兴起始于游戏，现在要扩大到其他领域，首先还是要走出泛娱乐化才行。”
In an interview with the University Director of the Seoul Graduate School of Science, Huang Fei stated that the current state of non-contact societies under the epidemic was continuing, so it was not difficult to understand the fact that the Yuan cosmodrome was now well-established by capital, “but the advent of the Yuan cosmos began with games and now has to be expanded to other areas, first and foremost out of general entertainment”.
“元宇宙首尔”计划
"Seoul Yuan Cosmos" program
据韩媒报道，这份被称为“元宇宙首尔”的计划分三步走：计划2022年“起步”，2023~2024年进一步“扩张”，最终在2025~2026年“完成”。其中，2022年将通过第一阶段工作完成平台的搭建，引入经济、教育、观光等七大领域服务，总投资计划为39亿韩元（约合人民币2087万元）。
According to the Korean media, the plan, known as “Seoul of the Won cosmos”, takes three steps: it “starts” in 2022 and further “exploitation” in 2023-2024, culminating in “completion” in 2025-2026. Of this, in 2022, the platform will be completed through the first phase of work, with the introduction of services in seven major areas: the economy, education, sightseeing, etc., with a total investment plan of 3.9 billion won (approximately RMB 2.08.7 million).
根据计划，首尔市政府将陆续在元宇宙平台上提供各种商业支持设施和服务，包括虚拟市长办公室、首尔金融科技实验室、首尔投资和首尔校园城等。
It is planned that Seoul City will provide a variety of business support facilities and services on the Mesospace platform, including virtual mayor's offices, Seoul Financial Science and Technology Laboratory, Seoul Investment and Seoul Campus, among others.
日前，首尔市长吴世勋对元宇宙城市进行了充分的畅想，比如，未来将出现“元宇宙市长室”，为市民与市长沟通、市长听取意见建议等提供便捷。首尔市政府希望能将此打造成随时对市民开放的交流空间。
The Mayor of Seoul, Oh Se-hoon, had a full vision of the city of Won cosmos, for example, that there would be a future “mayor’s office of Won cosmos” that would make it easier for citizens to communicate with the mayor and the mayor to listen to advice. Seoul City would like to create a space for communication that is open to the public at any time.
此外，首尔还将打造虚拟的公共服务中心——“元宇宙120中心”（Metaverse 120 Center），届时各种业务申请、咨询商谈服务在元宇宙平台上都可以办理。同时，“元宇宙智能工作平台”将使后疫情时代的各项市政工作不再受到时间和空间的制约，利用网络虚拟空间即可完成。据悉，平台还将引入AI公务员，它将与公务员的虚拟替身一起为民众提供更专业、高效和智能的服务。
In addition, Seoul will create a virtual public service centre, the “Metaverse 120 Center,” where business applications, consulting services, can be made available on a metacosystem platform. At the same time, the “Metausmos Smart Work platform” will make municipal work in the post-epidemiology era time- and space-neutral, using virtual cyberspace.
在便捷政务办理的同时，首尔还将推出以元宇宙为基础的“首尔金融科技实验室”，将此前在汝矣岛构建的首尔金融技术实验室复制到元宇宙平台之上，形成线上线下的产业集群。同时，旨在吸引外资的首尔投资中心也将搭载元宇宙技术，转变成“元宇宙投资首尔”项目，加大通过在线虚拟技术为首尔引资的力度。
Meanwhile, Seoul’s investment center, which is designed to attract foreign capital, will also launch a meta-cosmos-based “Seoul Financial Science and Technology Laboratory,” which will replicate the Seoul Financial Technology Laboratory, which was previously built on Riao Island, to form an online industry cluster. Meanwhile, Seoul’s investment center, which is designed to attract foreign capital, will also carry meta-cosm technology into a project called “Seoul Investment in the Meta-Cosmos,” and increase its efforts to channel funds to Seoul through online virtual technology.
除了政务、引资外，首尔还将通过元宇宙技术搭建虚拟的观光特区，把首尔的知名景点，比如光化门广场、德寿宫、南大门市场等搬上平台。同时，一些韩国特色的传统节日庆典、大型的博物馆展览等也将会陆续走上元宇宙平台。用韩媒的话来说，即便无法亲临现场，元宇宙技术可拉近各国游客与韩国传统文化的距离。
In addition to government and investment, Seoul will build a virtual tourist zone through meta-cosm technology that will bring Seoul’s well-known attractions, such as Plumbing Gate Square, Devon House, and the South Gate Market, to the platform. At the same time, some of Korea’s traditional festivals, large museum exhibitions, etc., will continue to go to the meta-cosm.
就在1个多月后，作为“元宇宙五年计划”的首个示范项目，首尔市每年辞旧迎新的普信阁敲钟仪式就将在元宇宙平台上举行。作为传统活动，每年的元旦零时前，很多市民、游客都会聚集到普信阁前等待新年钟声。可以预见的是，2022年的敲钟仪式将会有些特别。
Just over a month later, the city of Seoul, as the first demonstration of the Five-Year Plan for the Woncosmos, will be playing the New Universal Bell every year. As a traditional event, before the New Year’s Day, many citizens and tourists will gather before the time of the New Year’s bell.
“锦上添花”还是“画蛇添足”？
对于当下元宇宙概念的火热，黄菲认为，疫情下全球资金流动性充裕，很多散户都对投资新标的非常渴望，所以不难理解，在这个时候推出的元宇宙相关基金都受到了散户的追捧。而韩国市场，也成为了除美国外，投资者押注元宇宙技术的首选市场。目前，韩国已成为元宇宙概念ETF（交易型开放式指数基金）增长最快的全球市场。仅在10月，韩国就推出了4只新的专注于元宇宙的ETF。摩根士丹利的数据显示，韩国元宇宙概念ETF今年共吸引了2.78亿美元的资金流入，其中相当大的一部分是在10月底11月初流入。
In response to the heat of the current meta-cosm concept, Huang Fei argued that the global liquidity of the epidemic was abundant, and that many of the scattered households were very eager to invest in new targets, so it was easy to understand that the funds associated with the meta-cosmos that were launched at that time were well received by the diaspora. And the Korean market, apart from the US, has become the preferred market for investors to focus on meta-cosm technology.
那么，对于首尔市政府在元宇宙领域史无前例的举措，韩国民众反响如何？
So, how did the Korean people respond to Seoul City's unprecedented move in the realm of the Won-Cosmos?
一位韩国普通市民通过社交媒体告诉第一财经，他认为首尔“元宇宙五年计划”就是个“画饼充饥”的计划，“39亿韩元，目前仅相当于首尔江南地区一套100平方米的公寓房（价格）而已，把这当长期投资计划，多少有些笑话了”。
A Korean citizen told the First Economy through social media that he considered the Seoul Five-Year Plan for the Won-Cosmos a “drawn-up” plan, “3.9 billion won, which currently amounts to only a 100 square metre apartment (price) in the south of Seoul, as part of a long-term investment plan, which is a bit of a joke”.
在他看来，吴世勋抛出这一计划的时间点值得玩味，因为韩国政坛将在明年3月迎来五年一次的大选，“吴世勋能否连任还是个未知数。即便连任，当前的首尔议会中占据多数的都是民主党，并不是国民力量党出身的吴世勋一人说了算。”
In his view, it would be interesting to have him out of this program at a time when South Korean politics will be in the middle of a five-year general election in March next year, “It is uncertain whether he can be re-elected. Even if he is re-elected, the majority in the current Seoul Parliament is a Democratic Party, not a member of the National Power Party.
对于在韩国生活了十多年的黄菲来说，她最大的感受是，首尔的市政服务其实已经非常电子化了。“即便没有元宇宙这种虚拟城市，市民也是可以足不出户，在网上完成各种政务服务。”
For Huang Fei, who has lived in Korea for more than a decade, she feels that Seoul’s municipal services are actually very electronic. “Even without a virtual city like the Yuan cosmos, citizens can go home and do all kinds of government services online.”
她表示：“在此基础上，推出元宇宙市政服务的平台，可能是‘锦上添花’，也有可能是‘画蛇添足’，因为元宇宙是一种强调沉浸式体验和娱乐性的平台，对一般只需要市政服务的大多数市民来讲，都是不必需的。”
She said: “On this basis, the platform for the introduction of the municipal services of the Yuan cosmos could be `accompaniment' or `accompaniment', because the Yuan cosmos is a platform that emphasizes immersion experience and recreation and is not necessary for the majority of the citizens who generally need only municipal services.”
在黄菲看来，首尔市政府在信息科技领域一直与时俱进，积极尝试各种新鲜的玩意儿。她举例道，2018年首尔市政府推出Zero Pay项目，旨在缓解首尔市内66万户个体零售户主的移动支付手续费的负担。
For example, in 2018, the Seoul municipality launched the Zero Pay project to ease the burden of mobile payment charges on 660,000 self-retailed heads of households in Seoul.
但黄菲也指出：“项目推出以后市场反响不是很热烈，不仅参加的商户仅为1/3，真正使用的消费者就更少了。究其原因还是政府的好心并没有完全兑现成服务，消费者不买单。” 因此，她认为，Zero Pay项目的前车之鉴对当下的元宇宙市政有很强烈的警示作用。
But Wong also said, “The market response since the launch of the project has not been very strong, not only for one third of the businesses involved, but also for even fewer consumers. The reason is that the government’s good intentions have not fully translated into services, and consumers do not pay.” So, in her view, the forward thinking of the Zero Pay project has a strong warning for the current Mesoco-City City.
“可能会吸引一些年轻用户的关注，再加上疫情下很多外国游客来不了韩国，把旅游业搬上元宇宙平台，在城市宣传方面应该会达到一个不错的效果。”黄菲说道，“但要让大多数人都参与进来才会达到效果，但对于大多数首尔民众来说，目前在利用电子政务方面已经很方便了。再加上如果政府要单独拿出市民的税金打造元宇宙平台的话，市民一旦没有享受到元宇宙带来的足够实惠的话，也会引发很多诟病。”
“It is possible to attract the attention of some young users, along with the fact that many foreign tourists cannot travel to South Korea under the epidemic, and to move the tourism industry to the WonCosmos platform, which should have a good effect on urban communication.” Huang Fei said, “It is only if most people are involved that will be effective, but it is already easy for most Seoulns to use e-government.
展望未来，黄菲指出，要搭建元宇宙，其实需要比较大的前期投入。目前有一些类似Roblox的服务平台，比如ifland、gathertown等开始推出会议室和线上空间的服务。黄菲的使用体验感是，企业和学校都需要投入精力去构建这个虚拟世界里的内容，“目前的体验感不是很沉浸，所以元宇宙这个概念还是停留在资本炒作的阶段，但好在一些大企业已经开始布局，抢占先机从搭建平台着手。”
Looking to the future, Wong Fy pointed out that building a meta-cosmos would require a larger front-load of investment. There are a number of support platforms like Roblox, such as ifland, gathtown, and others, that are starting to launch conference rooms and online space. Huang Fy’s use is that businesses and schools need to invest in building the content of this virtual world. “The current experience is not so immersed that the meta-cosmos concept is still at the stage of capital build-up, but it is good that some big businesses have started to lay out, taking advantage of the opportunities to build platforms.”
（潘寅茹）
(Pan Clauru)
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