“目前国内元宇宙还处于发展初级阶段，缺乏整体性规划 。现在很多人都讲元宇宙，我们讲的是什么样的元宇宙? ”
"The domestic meta-cosmos is still in its early stages of development, lacking holistic planning. Now many talk about the meta-cosmos. What are we talking about?
文 | 立方知造局
Cubic knowledge-making
元宇宙看似虚无飘渺，内核之一是“真实”。
The meta-cosmos seems to be empty, and one of the inner cores is “real”.
在讲述这个观点之前，立方知造局先来回顾一段冷门历史：
Before speaking of this point, the Cubic Cognitives first look back at a cold history:
早在30年前的90年代，钱学森便开始研究虚拟现实技术（Virtual Reality），并给出了一个中文翻译——“灵境”——拓展人脑知觉。
As early as 30 years ago in the 1990s, he began to study virtual reality and gave a Chinese translation — the “spiritland” — to expand the perception of the human brain.
图源：pixabay
建立起这套外延的感知，依赖的是真实世界的技术、应用和规则。
It is built on the technology, applications and rules of the real world.
在2022年世界人工智能大会上，立方知造局作为受邀媒体参与百度“以虚强实·元宇宙激发产业新动能”论坛，并通过梳理这三方面的观点，窥测即将到来的元宇宙时代。
At the 2022 World Congress on Artificial Intelligence, the Cubic Knowledge Building Agency participated as an invited media in a 100-degree forum on “Empowering Industrial Dynamics with the Fulfilling of the Gento Cosmos” and, by collating these three perspectives, viewed the upcoming meta-cosmos era.
1. 技术：如何实现网络共产主义？
1. Technology: How to achieve Cybercommunism?
元宇宙已经来到“以虚强实”赋能产业的黄金阶段。
The meta-cosmos has reached the golden stage of the “virtuous” enabling industry.
根据上海市培育“元宇宙”新赛道行动方案(2022—2025年)，到2025年，“元宇宙”相关产业规模达到3500亿元。
According to the Shanghai City programme of action for the development of a new race track for the “won cosmos” (2022-2025), the size of the industry associated with the “won cosmos” reached 350 billion yuan by 2025.
广阔前景之下，实现元宇宙的产业落地离不开5G和AI两大基础。
In the broad outlook, the industries that realize the meta-cosmos are based on two fundamentals: 5G and AI.
通信基础：元宇宙逐渐从容纳千人、万人到数以亿计高质量的传送网络是连接用户算力设施以及元宇宙相关应用的桥梁。
Communication base: The meta-cosmos is gradually being used as a bridge to connect user numeracy facilities and meta-cosm-related applications from 1,000 people, thousands to hundreds of millions of high-quality transmission networks.
算力基础：越高的算力可以构建出体验感越强的元宇宙，而构成体验感的要素涉及身份、社交、高沉静、低延迟、多样性、随时随地、经济系统、文明则需要计算机视觉、自然语言处理等关键人工智能技术支撑。
Arithmetic foundations: The higher the arithmetic, the more experienced the meta-cosm, and the factors that make up the sense of the experience relate to identity, socialization, high silence, low delay, diversity, availability, economic systems, civilization, and the support of key artificial intelligence technologies such as computer visualization, natural language processing, etc.
真正的元宇宙, 将是强大的人工智能能力和虚拟空间的完美结合。可以说，没有AI构建的底层框架，就不可能创造出未来足够迷人的元宇宙上层建筑。
The real meta-cosm will be a perfect combination of powerful artificial intelligence and virtual space. Without the bottom frame built by AI, it can be said, it is not possible to create a future that is attractive enough for the upper layers of the meta-cosm.
AI不仅是驱动数字世界持续运营的底层基石，也贯穿了元宇宙从设计、研发、构建、运营、再到体验的各个环节。无论是元宇宙中“人”的沟通、交互，还是场景的打造，都离不开智能语音、视觉、自然语言理解等AI技术。
AI is not only the underlying building block that drives the continued operation of the digital world; it also runs through the design, development, construction, operation, and experience of the meta-cosmos. Neither communication, interaction, nor scenario-building in the meta-cosmos are independent of intelligent voice, vision, natural language understanding, etc.
立方知造局倾力打造的元宇宙相关产业图谱
因此，百度集团副总裁袁佛玉认为：AI技术，不仅是驱动数字世界持续运行的底层基石，也贯穿了元宇宙从设计、研发、构建、运营、再到体验的各个环节。
Therefore, Yuan Fuyu, Vice-President of the Bermuda Group, argues that AI technology is not only the underlying building block that drives the continued operation of the digital world, but also cuts through the design, research and development, construction, operation and experience of the meta-cosm.
清楚了AI对元宇宙的重要意义之后，要观测元宇宙落地生根，坐标系是创新AI应用。
Having understood the importance of AI to the meta-cosm, the coordinates system is an innovative AI application to observe the root of the meta-cosm.
飞桨是百度自主研发的中国首个开源开放、功能丰富的产业级深度学习平台，以百度多年的深度学习技术研究和业务应用为基础。
The oars are China's first open and functional industrial-level in-depth learning platform for 100 degrees of autonomous research and development, based on hundreds of years of in-depth learning technology research and business applications.
基于飞桨，深度学习技术研发的全流程，都具备了显著标准化、自动化和模块化的工业大生产特征，持续降低应用门槛，让人工智能技术可以高效便捷地应用于各行各业。
The entire process of deep learning technology research and development, based on oars, has been characterized by significant standardization, automation and modularization of industrial large-scale production, continuously lowering application thresholds and allowing the efficient and expeditious application of artificial intelligence technologies across industries.
2. 应用：微信和短信之后，下一个杀手级应用是什么？
2. What's the next killer level application after micro-mails and text messages?
当前行业共识认为，足够成熟可用的元宇宙要在5-10年左右才可以落地，到那时，教育、娱乐、广告、工业等领域的商业模式都会“元宇宙化”。
There is a current industry consensus that a metacosystem that is sufficiently mature and usable to land will take about 5 to 10 years, when business models in education, entertainment, advertising, industry, etc. will be “metacosmized”.
比如，在教育领域，元宇宙可以营造“在场感”，让学生在虚拟场景里一个月建成一个罗马。事实上，在工业、文娱、汽车等领域，正在率先实现元宇宙的落地。
For example, in the field of education, the meta-cosmos can create a sense of presence, allowing students to build a Rome in a virtual setting a month. In fact, in the fields of industry, recreation, automobiles, etc., it is taking the lead in bringing the meta-cosmos to the ground.
著名歌手周杰伦曾在元宇宙上卖盲盒 图源：新浪娱乐
在制造业领域，元宇宙将带来一场数智化变革——
In the manufacturing sector, the meta-cosm will bring about a number of intellectual changes —
比如三一重机，技术专家可以通过百度智能云的“工业AR 远程协助系统”，指导千里之外的人员戴上AR眼镜维修设备。
For example, three-to-one machines, technical experts can use the Industrial AR Remote Assistance System, a 100-degree smart cloud, to guide people a thousand miles away to wear AR glasses and repair equipment.
这样一来，即便技术专家不在车间现场，也能远程实时指导产线维修。
In this way, the maintenance of the production line can be directed remotely and in real time, even if the technical expert is not present at the workshop.
又如立方知造局之前关注的元宇宙中的产业“数字孪生”。
It's like the "digital twin" of industries in the meta-cosm, which was the focus of Cubic Knowledge.
在宝马工厂中，传感器记录产线、控制单元以及员工的数据，真实车间在虚拟世界复刻出一个由数据组建的孪生体。
In BMW plants, sensors record production lines, control units and employee data, and real workshops re-engineer a data-based twin in the virtual world.
宝马的数字化工厂从设计之初就完全在虚拟空间进行规划和模拟 图源：搜狐科技
经由这个虚拟孪生体对真实世界实时响应、做出决策，最终带来降本增效。
The real-time response and decision-making to the real world through this virtual twin is ultimately bringing down efficiency gains.
目前数字孪生产业可分为三层：基础层、平台层、应用层。
Currently, there are three layers of digital binary production: the base layer, the platform layer, and the application layer.
基础层：主攻数据采集、发送、可视化技术，支撑起数字孪生核心架构；
(a) Base layer: main offensive data collection, distribution, visualization techniques that support the digital twin core structure;
平台层：为制造、能源、医疗等领域搭建数字孪生平台；
Platform layer: Digital twin-gay platforms for manufacturing, energy, medical, etc.;
应用层：为更细分的应用场景提供服务。
Level of application: provides services for a more disaggregated application scenario.
互联网企业有着擅于搭建平台、打造软件应用的优势和特性，因此更多作为平台层与应用层的一体化集成商出现。
Internet enterprises have the advantages and characteristics of building platforms and software applications, and as a result are more emerging as integrated integrators at the platform level and at the application level.
目前，在百度希壤元宇宙中，近半年已经落地了70多个元宇宙活动及空间，包括顶级国际品牌的时装秀，数十人到10万人不等的会议，汽车数字展厅等。
At present, more than 70 dollars of space and space, including fashion shows for top international brands, meetings ranging from dozens of people to 100,000 people, auto digital exhibition halls, etc., have been found in the 100-Doo-Hytoe universe in the last six months.
这些都证明，元宇宙的价值正在分期兑现。
This proves that the value of the meta-cosmos is being realized in stages.
3. 规则：是谁的元宇宙？
3. Rule: Whose meta-cosmos?
元宇宙本质是虚拟社会经济体系，在任何数字经济发展的一定程度它是必然的阶段，它是与虚拟现实互联网应用为承载，来构建虚拟的社会经济体系。
The meta-cosm is in essence a virtual socio-economic system, which, to some extent, is a necessary stage in the development of any digital economy and is carried on with the application of the virtual reality Internet to construct a virtual socio-economic system.
理想的元宇宙的技术基座还要加上去中心化的信息存储和认证，表现的是区块链和数据传播验证、共识机制、分布式存储、分布式账本，那么Web3.0将是宏观意义上的底层元宇宙。
The ideal meta-cosm technological base, coupled with decentralised information storage and authentication, is represented by block chain and data dissemination validation, consensus mechanisms, distributed storage, distributed books of accounts, so that Web3.0 will be the lower meta-cosm in the macro sense.
从Web1.0到3.0的发展趋势带动了产业的发展，1.0是大量的网站，2.0是中心化的平台经济， Web3.0将是去中化和去平台化。相当于大家在网络上共同生产，网民掌握数据、资源就可以去产生价值或者分享价值，不需要借一个平台来做，这是比较大的趋势。
The trend from Web1.0 to Web 1.0 to 3.0 has led to industrial development, with 1.0 being a large number of websites, 2.0 being a central platform economy, and Web3.0 being decentralized and de-platformized. It is a larger trend that people produce together on the web, where data, resources, and resources can generate or share value without using a platform.
图源：pixabay
对此中国工程院院士张平指出：“元宇宙具备未来杀手级应用的一切特征。我们要坚定不移地走中国特色的自主创新之路，掌握技术话语权，在通信、计算、人工智能、区块链等关键技术深度融合的基础上，构建泛在精准感知，打通虚拟与现实域界。”
In response, the Chinese Faculty of Engineering said, "The Yuan cosmos has all the characteristics of a future killer-class application. We need to stay firmly on the path of independent innovation in China, with the technical voice, and to build a virtual and real world based on a deep convergence of key technologies, such as communication, computing, artificial intelligence, block chains, etc."
然而，目前国内元宇宙实际上还处于发展的初级阶段，缺乏对发展元宇宙整体性的规划。
At present, however, the domestic meta-cosmos is actually at an early stage of development and lacks a plan to develop the contours of the meta-cosmos.
比方说，如果只有美元支付体系，可能会形成元宇宙时代新的经济垄断。因此，未来中国元宇宙需要建立数字人民币为锚定的基础链上支付体系，带来新的价值空间。
For example, a dollar-based payment system alone could create a new economic monopoly in the Woncosmos era. Thus, the future Chinese Won cosmos would need to build a digital renminbi-based payment system that would bring new value space.
与此同时，中国需要开展元宇宙基础设施关键核心技术攻关。我们应当避免出现这种情况：中国仅仅成为元宇宙最大的数据生产国。其他国家则主导全球元宇宙技术标准和规则。
At the same time, China needs to engage in a critical core of technology in the infrastructure of the meta-cosmos. We should avoid this: China is only the largest producer of data in the meta-cosmos. Other countries dominate global meta-cosm technical standards and rules.
注：文中部分观点来源于现场嘉宾
Note: Some of the points in the text were taken from the live guest.
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