本文来自微信公众号：凤凰周刊智库（ID: fhzkzk），撰稿：胡越，编辑：王毕强。头图来自：视觉中国。
市场行情的不景气和政策的紧缩，迫使各家区块链企业不得不重新规划发展方向和路线。数月来，业内大部分企业开始意识到区块链技术的发展需要更加落地，而不是局限于发行数字货币或是纸上谈兵。
The downside of the market and the tightening of policy forces firms to re-program the direction and course of development. Over the past few months, most firms in the industry have come to realize that the development of the block chain technology needs to be more settled, rather than limited to the distribution of digital currency or paper.
10年前，一位网名叫中本聪的天才程序员发表了一篇名为《比特币：一种点对点式的电子现金系统》的论文，开启了去中心化的数字货币时代。
Ten years ago, an online genius programmer named Bintaku published a paper entitled Bitcoin: A Point-to-Point Electronic Cash System, which ushered in the era of decentralized digital money.
现在，我们将那个时代称为区块链1.0,因为这一批以比特币为代表的数字货币仅仅实现了价值流转的功能。比特币本身无法再扩展应用，发币还是一件有技术门槛的事情。
Now, we call that era a block chain 1.0, because a batch of digital currencies, represented by bitcoin, merely achieves a value flow function. Bitcoin itself can no longer expand applications, and it's a matter of technology.
又过了5年，另一个天才程序员、年仅19岁的维塔利克·布特林写出了以太坊的白皮书。区块链进入了2.0时代。以太坊是一个开放的平台，只要稍微懂点编程技术，复制粘贴代码创建项目代币，就可以向投资者募集数字货币资产，这成了2017年最火热的词汇ICO（首次代币公开发行）。
Five years later, another talented programmer, Vitalik Botlin, a 19-year-old, wrote a white paper on Ether. The block chain has entered the 2.0 age. The Etherwood is an open platform for collecting digital currency assets from investors with a slight understanding of programming techniques and a copy of sticker code to create project tokens, which became the hottest term ICO in 2017 (the first one to be published publicly).
“ICO就相当于种子轮公司直接上纳斯达克。”一位币圈人士对《凤凰周刊》做了通俗的比喻。ICO打开了币圈的财富之门，也打开了一个潘多拉魔盒，一时间牛鬼蛇神悉数上场发币，成为币圈掠夺财富的最大推手。
“The ICO is the same as the Seed Wheel Company going straight to NASDAQ.” A currency-crowder gave a popular analogy to the Phoenix Weekly. The ICO opened the door to the currency circle’s wealth and opened a Pandora box.
如今，区块链号称要进军3.0时代，要在货币和金融领域之外实现大规模的应用。然而，从2018年的下半年开始，整个数字货币市场陷入冷清，大规模应用更无从谈起。比特大陆创始人吴忌寒给区块链场景应用的落地时间划出了一个期限——10年。“所有的落地尝试，以及这一波的项目，我认为几乎绝大多数都会失败，它们真正的机会窗口在未来可见的几年中都不会到来。但我相信在未来10年快要结束的时候，会看到一些有趣的项目开始出现。”
Now, the block chain is called the march to the 3.0 era, with large-scale applications outside the monetary and financial spheres. However, starting in the second half of 2018, the entire digital money market fell into a state of absolutation, and large-scale applications became even more elusive. The founder of Bitland, Wu, set a time frame for landing the block chain landscape -- 10 years. “All landing attempts and projects of this wave, I believe, will fail, and their real window of opportunity will not come in the years to come. But I believe that by the end of the next 10 years, some interesting projects will begin to emerge.”
消失的泡沫
以太坊创始人维塔利克在去年9月召开的以太坊产业峰会上公开宣称，“如果你和一般受过教育的人交谈，他们可能至少听说过区块链一次。这个领域任何事物都不再有千倍的增长机会了。”比特币和其它数字货币之前6到7年的增长，得益于市场营销，而“这种策略正在接近死胡同”。
At the Etherian Industry Summit in September last year, Etherlik, founder of Ether, declared publicly that, “If you talk to a generally educated person, they may have heard of the block chain at least once. Nothing in this area can grow a thousand times more.” Bitcoin and other digital currencies grew six to seven years ago, benefiting from marketing, and “this strategy is approaching a dead end.”
尽管这一说法遭到一些人的反对，如全球最大数字资产交易所币安的创始人赵长鹏就和维塔利克隔空叫板，认为“加密数字货币市场将来绝对会增长1000倍甚至更多”。
Despite the opposition of some, such as Zhao Chang Peng, the founder of the largest digital asset exchange in the world, and Vitalik, “the market for encrypted digital money will definitely grow 1,000 times and even more in the future”.
但所有人都不能否认的是，相比于2018年初的火爆，这个市场如今的确冷清了很多。与一年多来的高点相比，比特币的价格跌落了三分之二，以太坊更是跌去了超过八成，全民疯狂炒币的日子已经不再。
But everyone cannot deny that the market is now much clearer than it was at the beginning of 2018. Compared to the height of more than a year, the price of Bitcoin fell by two-thirds, the price of Ethio fell by more than 80%, and the nation’s days of frenzy were over.
但这还是币圈“茶壶里的风暴”，真正引爆舆论的是，去年7月3日晚间，一段名为“李笑来割韭菜”的录音突然在各微信群中疯传。录音中，前新东方英语教师、号称“比特币首富”的李笑来，以非常不客气的态度点评了EOS、Ripple、以太坊、莱特币、量子链、小蚁币等大红大紫的区块链项目，将区块链领域的投资逻辑赤裸裸地揭示为“培养大IP，收割流量”。
But it's also a “storm in a teapot” that triggered public opinion: last night, on the evening of July 3, a recording called “Li laughs to cut the vegetables” suddenly went mad in the microscopic crowds. In the recording, the former East Timor English teacher, Lee, known as “bitcoin's richest”, smiled at EOS, Ripple, Etheria, Letco, Quantum Chains, Little Ants, etc., and showed the logic of investment in the area of the block chain nakedly as “culture the big IP, harvest flow”.
此事在圈外成了丑闻，一位币圈人士私下表示：“自从出现李笑来事件，不敢在我同学朋友面前说我在币圈，现在币圈名声不太好。”而在圈内，虽然引发了一些争议，但大家又不得不承认李笑来说出了圈子的事实，点出了眼下这个混乱圈子里真实的赚钱逻辑。
This became a scandal outside the circle, where one of the currency circles said in private: “since the Li laughter happened, I've been afraid to tell my classmates that I am in the ring, and the currency is not well-known.” And within the circle, while there is some controversy, one has to admit that Li's laughter has come out of the circle, pointing out the true logic of making money in this mess.
此后，事态进一步延烧，去年9月10日晚，OK集团创始人徐明星在上海浦东下榻的酒店被投资者围堵，并最终引来了当地警方，徐在警局滞留近24小时才得以离开。这一事件的起因是，9月5日下午5点多，各种主流数字货币价格突然大幅跳水，而据多名投资者反映，就在币价跌幅最为剧烈的时候，OKEx交易平台突然出现APP闪退、平台无法登录等问题，合约投资者损失惨重。OKEx平台之后解释为技术故障，但投资者们并不买账，截至记者发稿，此事仍未有一个妥善的处理方法。
Since then, events have continued, and on the evening of 10 September last year, the hotel of Xu Xu, the founder of KOK Group, was blocked by investors in Shanghai, and eventually led to a local police station, where Xu remained for nearly 24 hours before leaving. The cause of the incident was that, on 5 September, at around 5 p.m., the prices of various mainstream digital money jumped sharply, while, according to several investors, at the time of the sharpest fall in currency prices, there was a sudden fall in the APP, the lack of access to the platform, and the loss of contract investors.
2017年9月4日以后，中国政府就宣布叫停所有的代币发行融资活动，“九四事件”成为中国币圈发展的分水岭。自那以后，交易所和项目方纷纷远遁海外，矿场被逐步清理，链圈则努力撇清和币圈的关系，将区块链标榜为做底层技术，和炒币有天壤之别。
After September 4, 2017, the Chinese government announced the suspension of all money-distribution financing activities, and the “94th incident” became a watershed in the development of the Chinese currency ring. Since then, exchanges and projects have gone far abroad, mines have been cleaned up, chains have tried to clear their ties to the currency chain, label the chain as a bottom-line technology, and there is a great difference between currency production and production.
然而，在一个靠炒作可以牟取十倍、百倍乃至千倍利益的灰色市场上，谁又能沉下心来安心做用户和技术呢？“坐庄”是这个圈子无法逃脱掉的词汇，庄家割韭菜的游戏每天都在上演。主流币种尚且不能避免集中化的趋势，根据火币区块链研究院的报告，2018年7月4日这一周，比特币前1000个地址持有36.01%的比特币，以太坊的集中程度更高，前1000个地址持有59.01%的币。
However, in a grey market where a ten-fold, hundred-fold, and a thousand-fold advantage can be derived from the practice, who can sank in the heart to be a user and technology? “Sitting” is the word that the circle cannot escape, and the scavengers play daily. Main currency does not yet avoid the trend of centralization. According to the report of the Bitco District Chain Institute, 36.01 per cent of bitcoins were held at the top 1,000 addresses in the week of 4 July 2018, with a higher concentration in the neighbourhood, the top 1,000 holding 59.01 per cent of coins.
市场上形形色色的各类空气币就更是如此，资本方募集资金（Token Fund，通证基金），以机构投资人的身份拿到极低价格的项目代币，一部分代币通过代投流入少部分投资者手中，真正走上二级市场流通的币价格已经很高，中间还会被交易所以“上币费”的名义狠狠“薅羊毛”。
This is particularly true in the case of various types of air currency in the market, where capital collectors receive very low-priced project coins in their capacity as institutional investors, a portion of which is channelled into the hands of a small number of investors and the real currency price in the secondary market is already high, and in the middle is “goat wool” by the exchange in the name of “upfront money”.
上币后，项目交易员、PR和媒体一唱一和——美其名曰市值管理，实质就是操纵币价，该拉涨时拉涨，该砸盘时砸盘，然后资本方、项目方、交易所三方联合收割韭菜，这套流程已经成为圈内心照不宣的事实，如此乱象下，也难怪李笑来会说，“如果你随波逐流地认为价值投资是对的，那你注定是个平庸的人。”
After the upper currency, the project trader, PR and the media sang and — in the name of the United States — market value management, which in essence was the manipulation of currency prices, the rise and rise, the crashing of the plate and the joint harvesting of vegetables by the capital side, the project side and the exchange, the process had become an incontrovertible fact, and it was no wonder that Li laughed and said, “If you think that value investment is right, you are destined to be a mediocre person.”
币圈割韭菜模式
“这个市场上现在还不存在真正的用户，只有trader（交易者），没有user（用户）。”币安投资总监张灵在接受包括《凤凰周刊》在内的媒体采访时，如是说道。
“There are no real users in this market, except a trader (trader) , no user (user) .
而对于并不入场投资的吃瓜群众来说，他们能看到的就是大大小小、名目繁多的区块链会议，门票价格动辄大几千元，不仅在国内各个城市巡回，还远销海外，新加坡、迪拜等等是中国会议方最喜爱的热门地点。记者拿到的一份迪拜区块链会议招商方案显示，一群并不知名的中国主办方，依靠一众国际大咖名字和游艇、酒店、超模等等元素博取眼球，以20万元到60万元不等的价格出售展位，并给予项目方上台路演、允许项目方现场派发红包、获得社区专用营销软件等权益。
For those who don’t invest in them, what they see is small, well-known block-chain meetings, which cost thousands of dollars, not only to travel across the country’s cities, but also to sell overseas. Singapore, Dubai, etc., are China’s favorite hot spots for meetings. According to a Dubai block-chain job offer, a group of non-known Chinese hosts, relying on international curry names, yachts, hotels, supermodels, etc., for eyeballs, selling booths at prices ranging from $200,000 to $600,000, giving project participants the right to go to the stage, allowing project participants to send red bags on site, receiving community-specific marketing software, etc.
币圈凉了，相关的会议自然也跟着凉了不少。去年8月22日下午，一则“关于禁止承办虚拟币推介活动”的通知在突然开始网络上流传。通知指出，为保护社会公众的财产权益，保障人民币的法定货币地位，防范洗钱风险，维护金融系统安全稳定，根据全国互联网金融风险专项整治工作领导小组办公室《关于进一步开展比特币等虚拟货币交易场所清理整治的通知》，现要求各商场、酒店、宾馆、写字楼等地不得承办任何形式的虚拟货币推介宣讲等活动，如知悉相关情况，可及时向区处非办报送。
In the afternoon of 22 August last year, a circular “No Virtual Currency Promotion” was circulated on the Internet. The circular states that, in order to protect the property rights of the public, protect the legal monetary position of the renminbi against money-laundering, safeguard the financial system against the risk of money-laundering, and maintain the security and stability of the financial system. In accordance with the Circular on the Further Implementation of the Clean-up of Virtual Currency Exchanges, such as Bitcoin, the Office of the Head of the National Task Force for Financial Risk Management, business malls, hotels, guest houses, writing buildings, etc. are now required to refrain from performing any type of virtual currency advertising activities, such as timely reporting to the district offices, if relevant.
区块链行业热衷于开会，因为货币本质上是信心的体现，“社群”是区块链项目成功的要素。没有持续的新投资者入场，货币的价格就无法支撑——“布道”，成为了区块链从业者的行为指南。
The block chain industry is keen to meet, because money is essentially a manifestation of confidence, and “community” is a key element in the success of the block chain project. Without sustained new investors on the ground, currency prices cannot be sustained – “sermons” – as a guide to the behaviour of block chain operators.
“存量市场已经被学习好几次了，韭菜已经被割的血淋淋了，”InVault创始人许斌告诉《凤凰周刊》，“区块链世界目前没有非常靠谱的价值估值体系，如果有，那可能是通过信仰来估值。”这种信仰，换个称谓，我们不妨就称之为泡沫。如今，泡沫已在退散。
“The stock market has been studied several times, the pickles have been cut in blood.” The founder of InVault, Xu Bin, told Phoenix Weekly, “The block chain world does not currently have a very solid value valuation system, and if so, it may be valued through faith.” This belief, in other words, may be called bubbles.
围攻交易所
& nbsp; siege of the exchange
央行上海总部在去年9月18日发布公告称，近年来虚拟货币相关的投机炒作盛行，价格暴涨暴跌，风险快速聚集，严重扰乱了经济金融和社会秩序。央行明确，互联网时代的非法金融活动既隐蔽又多变，下一步将加强对124家服务器设在境外但实质面向境内居民提供交易服务的虚拟货币交易平台的监测，实施封堵。还将从支付结算端入手持续加强清理整顿，指导相关支付机构加强支付渠道管理、客户识别和风险提示，建立监测排查机制，停止为可疑交易提供支付服务，目前有关支付渠道已经排查并关闭了约3000个从事虚拟货币交易的账户。
The Central Bank’s Shanghai headquarters issued a communiqué on 18 September last year stating that speculation in relation to virtual currency has prevailed in recent years, that price booms and falls, and risk surges have severely disrupted economic, financial and social order. The Central Bank has made it clear that illegal financial activity in the Internet era is both hidden and volatile, and that the next step will be to tighten monitoring and block the virtual currency trading platform, where 124 servers are located abroad but are substantially available to residents within the country.
由于此前就有消息传出，市场对这一通知并不意外，但来自央行的正式通知还是让币圈不寒而栗。
The market was not surprised by the earlier news, but the official notification from the central bank kept the currency in check.
交易所，是整个数字货币市场中矿机生意之外另一个赚得盆满钵满的“卖水人”。在主打去中心化的区块链领域，交易所却是一个庞大的中心化怪物，高额上币费、联合做市、内幕交易、虚假交易、盗用用户资产……种种乱象不一而足。公信宝创始人黄敏强对《凤凰周刊》坦言：“区块链圈内一共有五种聪明人，最最聪明的人在开交易所，发了币的项目方是第四聪明的。”
The exchange, another well-earned “water seller” outside the business of a miner in the entire digital money market. In the area of the centralized block chain, the exchange is a huge, central monster, with high monetary fees, joint marketing, insider trading, false transactions, and the theft of user assets. The founder of the paper, Wong Min-jung, said to the Phoenix Weekly: “There are five smart people in the chain, and the smartest are in the chain, and the best are in the chain.
OK、火币、币安，是中国投资者最为熟悉的三大交易所。但2018年6月他们一度被火币网前CTO创立的Fcoin抢去风头。主打“挖矿即交易”，号称要革传统数字货币交易所的命：第一天交易，第二天按照100%手续费返还FT，同时用户共享平台所有交易手续费的分红。为了拿到高额手续费返还，用户持续刷量交易，Fcoin上线半个月即成为全球交易量最大的数字货币交易所，最高时期交易量甚至是第二名到第七名的总和。
But in June 2018, they were once robbed by Fcoin, created by the pre-Marketnet CTO. The main hit was “mining or trading” – the name of the traditional digital currency exchange’s life – which was returned to the FT on the first day of the transaction, the next day at 100% fees, and the user’s share of all transaction charges on the platform. In order to obtain the return of the high fees, users continued to brush the transactions, and the top six months became the largest digital currency exchange in the world, with the highest volume of transactions, even the sum of the second to seventh.
面对Fcoin汹汹来势，以币安赵长鹏为首的主流交易所一边斥之为“资金盘游戏”，一边却不得不应战。OKEx官方宣布开放共赢计划，扶持100家“交易即挖矿”模式的交易所，之后币安也启动“数字资产交易所开放联盟计划”，加码到1000家。小交易所们争相效仿，但这些币和FT一样，都毫无例外地陷入暴涨暴跌的怪圈。
Faced with the push of Fcoin, the mainstream exchange, headed by Jean-Claude Jean-Claude, has had to fight. OKEx officially announced the opening of a win-win scheme, supporting 100 “trading or mining” exchanges, followed by the launching of the “Digital Assets Exchange Open Alliance” scheme, which added up to 1,000. Small exchanges competed to follow suit, but, like the FT, they were caught in a spiral of surges and collapses without exception.
一炮打响的Fcoin开启一路狂奔模式，接连推出创业板、免费上币和币改试验区，但这一模式从诞生之日起就有“刷量”的原罪。“我们拉票的话，服务费是10万元，保证拿下资格前10名。我们的成绩是每天4个，全球总共10个名额。”一个名为“Fcoin兄弟会”团队的工作人员小张卖力地向记者兜售他们的充值刷量服务。原来，Fcoin推出了免费上币机制，每日0点“累计充值人数排名”中的前10名第二日获得上币排期资格，结果，帮助刷量的黑客服务应运而生。
One shot-blowing Fcoin has opened the run-off model, which is followed by the launch of an entrepreneurship board, a free upper currency and a currency change test zone, but this model is the original crime of “brushing” from the day of its birth. “If we vote, the fee is $100,000, making sure we get the top ten. Our score is four a day, with a total of 10 places around the globe.” A staff member from the “Fcoin Brotherhood” team has been working hard to sell their top-up services to journalists. Previously, Fcoin introduced a free upper currency mechanism, with the top 10 top 10 of the “cumulative billing rankings” on the second day of the day.
Fcoin的经济模型并没有能狂奔太久，很快便陷入了“死亡螺旋”。从去年6月13日起，FT结束了它那一飞冲天的涨势，从1.2579USDT的价位高处坠落，开始了暴跌之路。2018年8月1日，FT终跌破开盘价。此外，在Fcoin上线的QOS币、APR币等多个币种同样陷入暴跌怪圈，Fcoin的流量、声誉都遭受巨大打击，从巅峰到谷底，Fcoin只用了不到两个月的时间。
The economic model of Fcoin did not run for too long, and quickly fell into a “death spiral.” Since June 13, the F.T.T. has put an end to its surge, falling from 1.25779 USDDT to a steep fall. On August 1st, 2018, the F.T.T. finally fell.
相比之下，老牌交易所们要走的更为稳健一些。2018年7月10日，维塔利克曾在瑞士一个区块链活动上公开抨击中心化交易所，称“希望看到中心化交易所下地狱”，但短期内我们似乎还无法摆脱他们。
By contrast, the old exchanges are much more robust. On July 10, 2018, Vitalick publicly criticized the central exchange on a Swiss block chain, saying, “I want to see the central exchange go to hell,” but it seems that we will not be able to get rid of them in the short term.
币安自2018年7月转战马耳他以来，动作频频，先后在乌干达、列支敦士登、新加坡上线了法币交易所；火币创始人李林在去年8月出资收购了一家香港上市公司桐城控股，而火币本身在9月宣布控股在日本拥有合法牌照的BitTrade交易所，在此前的7月，火币才因为无法取得牌照而宣布退出日本市场。相比之下，OK集团的经历要更为坎坷，虽然OK集团一直声称争议不断的OKEx交易所已经剥离，但仍无法否认OKEx曾经属于OK集团旗下。
Li Lin, the founder of the currency, financed the acquisition of a Hong Kong listed company, Kiyo City, in August last year, while the gun coin itself announced that it had a legitimate license plate in Japan, Bittrade in September, before it announced its withdrawal from the Japanese market in July because it was unable to obtain the license plate. By contrast, the experience of the OK Group is even more difficult, and although the OK Group has always claimed that the disputed OKEx Exchange has been stripped off, it is impossible to deny that it was once under the OK Group’s flag.
而一些传统交易所也希望能入场分一杯羹。据《彭博》引述知情人士透露，港交所正在考虑收购科技领域的公司，涉及到的有数据、分析及区块链领域相关公司，且正与最少三家投行讨论潜在目标。
Some traditional exchanges also want to get in. According to a quote from Bloomberg, the Hong Kong Bureau is considering acquiring companies in the field of science and technology, involving companies with data, analysis, and sector chains, and discussing potential targets with at least three investors.
去年9月14日，美国纳斯达克宣布，将收购来自瑞典的交易和实时清算技术提供商Cinnober，后者被称为数字货币友好服务商。它的数字货币托管服务，很好的解决了大型机构资金托管的信任问题。
On September 14, last year, NASDAQ announced that it would acquire a trading and real-time clearing technology provider from Sweden, Cinnober, known as a digital money-friendly service provider. Its digital currency hosting service is a good solution to trust in large institutional funds.
网传币安创始人赵长鹏曾经说过，不要问我们什么时候上纳斯达克，我们和纳斯达克是竞争关系。如今看来，此言不虚，中心化交易所下一步将去往何方？
Mr. Zhao Chang Peng, founder of the money transfer, once said, "Don't ask us when we're going to NASDAQ. We're in competition with NASDAQ. Now it seems that this is true, and where will the centralized exchange go next?"
投资在别处
“他（赵长鹏）崛起无非是因为国家“一刀切”的时候，大家关了，他不关，大家退了他不退——因为他是加拿大护照，就那一个月。”在录音中，李笑来怼了币安的创始人赵长鹏，也揭出了币圈所谓“出海”的内幕。据记者了解，业内已经出现了专门从事币圈移民服务的中介，一本圣兹基护照只需25万美金，还包括经营管理签证的打包服务。
"He's 只是创始人出去还不够，在国内“一刀切”禁止ICO的高压态势下，交易所和项目的外溢成了必然之选，近至周边对数字货币友好的国家：日本、韩国、新加坡、蒙古、柬埔寨、菲律宾、澳大利亚，远至美国、巴西、马耳他、塞舌尔等等。 It is not enough for the founders to go out and, in a “one-size-fits-all” state of pressure to ban ICO in the country, the spillovers of exchanges and projects have become inevitable, with countries close to home that are digitally friendly: Japan, Korea, Singapore, Mongolia, Cambodia, the Philippines, Australia, far from the United States, Brazil, Malta, Seychelles, etc. 与中国一衣带水的日本是数字货币监管走得最远最快的国家，2017年开始就向符合资质的数字货币交易所发放牌照，币安和火币Pro都因未取得牌照而先后离开日本市场。原本就是全球金融中心的新加坡也形成了一套完整的区块链服务体系，众多区块链项目在此落地，例如火币网早在2017年10月就将全球业务总部搬到了新加坡，包括量子链、唯链、溯源链等也在新加坡注册了基金会。 Japan, which is the fastest-growing country in terms of digital currency regulation with China, has been issuing license plates to a qualified digital currency exchange since 2017, and has been leaving the Japanese market without a license plate for both the currency and the currency Pro. Singapore, which is the global financial center, has also formed a complete block chain service system, where many block chain projects, such as the China Dollar Network, moved its global operations headquarters to Singapore as early as October 2017, and has also registered foundations in Singapore, including the quantum chain, the chain-only chain, the trace chain, etc. 在一些经济相对不发达或体量较小的国家，区块链成了弯道超车的寄托。在欧洲，马耳他被称为“区块链之岛”，包括OKex、币安等在内的数字货币交易所已经在当地开展业务。区块链团队还将业务之手伸向了非洲，例如，币安在去年6月于乌干达上线了法币交易所。 In Europe, Malta is known as the “island of the block chain” where digital money exchanges, including OKex, currency, etc., are already operating. The block chain team has also extended its operations to Africa, for example, where it entered the French exchange in Uganda last June. 在币圈，有一个不成文的共识，就是海外项目普遍比国内靠谱。“前十位的非中国的数字货币还是不错的。”网名“暴走恭亲王”的币圈老人龚鸣，在接受媒体采访时非常坦诚地说。 In the currency circle, there is an unwritten consensus that ‘strong’ projects abroad are generally more reliable than in the country. , “The top ten non-Chinese digital currencies are still good.” In an interview with the media, the hymn of the hymn of the hysteria “King Prince” was very frank. 一些海外币圈链圈的名人和项目方也对中国大陆上的区块链热潮感到好奇。以太坊创始人维塔利克曾数度来华。中本聪团队第一位参与比特币项目核心开发的成员Martti Malmi应邀来华，受到媒体围堵，他表示“中国的币圈是与世隔离的地方，很想从内部看看是什么样的情况。” A number of prominent people and projects in the offshore currency chain are also curious about the tidal wave of the block chain on the mainland of China. The founder of the Tatmadaw Vitalik has come to China several times. Martti Malmi, the first member of the Chinese brain team to participate in the core development of the Bitcoin project, was invited to China and was blocked by the media, saying, “China’s currency ring is a place of isolation and wants to see what it is from the inside.” “我觉得币圈没有那么复杂，我们和英超的阿森纳球队有合作，”区块链博彩游戏CashBet创始人Fred Hsu告诉《凤凰周刊》。创立6年，Cashbet拥有每月超过425万的月活用户，平台支持超过750种不同类别的竞猜游戏，有用户基础，且拿到国际顶尖球队俱乐部和博彩网站的合作，这在国内币圈暂时是不可想象的。 “I don’t think the currency circle is that complicated, we work with the English-style Arsenal team,” Fred Hsu, founder of the block-chain game CashBet, told the Phoenix Weekly. Six years old, Cashbet has more than 4.25 million monthly live users, and the platform supports more than 750 different types of games of guessing, has a user base, and has access to the international top team club and the Gambling Web site, which is inconceivable for the time being in the domestic currency circle. Lino视频平台是真格基金投的第一个区块链项目，创立于硅谷，主打海外市场。创始人魏杰全对记者表示，眼下不回到国内，除了国内视频网站竞争激烈垄断痛点不明显，也是因为国内监管态度不明晰，回国风险太大。 The Lino video platform was the first block chain project to be launched by the Genuine Foundation, founded in Silicon Valley, where we hit overseas markets. The founder, Wei Kit, told journalists that there was no return to the country at the moment, except that it was not evident that there was a high degree of monopolistic competition for domestic video sites, and that there was too much risk of returning home because domestic regulation was unclear. 但无论国内外，区块链的技术瓶颈都同样存在，穿透99%的迷雾，那1%的价值在哪里呢？ But the technical bottlenecks of the block chain exist, both within and outside the country, with 99 per cent of the fog piercing, and where is the value of 1 per cent? 1%的价值？ “现在很多人说区块链+，但不是一个简单的加号就可以解决的。”本体ONT的商务拓展总监温萌萌说道，“每一条公链都在说怎么解决行业痛点问题，但其实公链自己的痛点都还没有解决。” "There are many people who now say that a block chain plus, but not a simple plus sign, can be solved." The Director of Business Outreach of this body, ONT, was cute to say, "Every public chain is talking about how to solve the industry pain, but the public chain itself has not yet been resolved." 温萌萌所说的公链，是区块链的基础设施建设，但就像是上世纪六七十年代的互联网，目前完全不具备大规模应用的可能：交易吞吐量低、隐私保护差、开发工具匮乏、共识机制不完美、与主流商业体系对接存在障碍。现在市场上大大小小的公链繁多，TOP50的数字货币有70%都是公链项目。可即使区块链革命最终成功，最终也只会有几条公链成为全球共识，其余的都会成为泡沫破灭中的陪葬。 What we are talking about is the infrastructure of block chains, but, like the Internet in the 1960’s and 1970’s, there is no possibility of large-scale applications: low trade throughput, poor privacy protection, lack of development tools, imperfect consensus mechanisms, and barriers to interface with mainstream business systems. There are now large and small public chains in the market, and 70% of the TOP50 digital money is a public chain project. “80%的公链会失败。只有认认真真，有自己的价值观和分析框架，踏踏实实地一行一行写代码的团队和项目，才有可能成为20%的胜者。”万向区块链实验室董事长肖风如是说。 “80% of the public chain fails. Only a team and a project that takes seriously, has its own values and analytical framework, and has a line of writing code on the ground, can be 20% winner.” The head of the block chain lab is like this. 为了提升公链性能，各种技术也在争相演化，比如跨链、侧链、子链、分片、闪电网络、DAG等等，各类共识机制也在努力争夺“C位出道”，比特币的PoW（工作量证明机制）效率低下引发挖矿军备竞赛，采用PoS（权益证明机制）的以太坊吞吐量低下极易网络拥塞，主推DPoS（委任权益证明机制）的EOS近期遭遇了RAM价格暴涨，DApp开发成本高达百万。巴比特创始人长铗告诉《凤凰周刊》，区块链的平等共识、效率和安全是一个不可能三角，要获得其中两项就必须舍弃第三项，不可能面面俱到。 In order to enhance public chain performance, various technologies are also evolving, such as cross-chains, side chains, sublinks, fragments, lightning networks, DAG, etc., consensus mechanisms are also struggling to compete for the “C-bit” approach, the PoW , the main promoter of the Poo S (the "remarking mechanism") and the EOS 相比于这一波区块链创业风潮，大公司在区块链应用的投入更为低调。去年6月25日，港版支付宝AlipayHK完成全球首个基于区块链的电子钱包跨境汇款服务，在中国香港工作22年的菲律宾人格蕾丝完成了现场第一笔汇款，到账菲律宾钱包Gcash汇款仅需3秒。 Compared to this wave of block chain entrepreneurship, the input of large companies in the block chain is much lower. On 25 June last year, the Hong Kong version completed the world’s first block-based electronic wallet money transfer service for AlipayHK, and the Philippine Embrace, working in Hong Kong, China, for 22 years, completed its first on-site remittance, taking only three seconds to account for the Philippine wallet Gcash. 马云表示，利用区块链技术实现跨境汇款是过去半年他最关心的项目之一，“区块链不应该是一夜暴富的技术，而应该解决社会问题。” Ma Yun stated that the use of block chain technology for cross-border remittances had been one of his most important projects over the past six months: “The block chain should not be a technology of overnight enrichment, but should address social problems”. 2018年6月25日，香港，全球首个基于区块链的电子钱包跨境汇款服务上线，港版支付宝AlipayHK的用户可以通过区块链技术向菲律宾钱包Gcash汇款。马云发表演讲。 除了支付转账，蚂蚁金服在公益慈善、互助保险、跨境溯源、防伪溯源等领域均有成功的实践案例。竞争对手腾讯也不甘落后，从2015年就开始组建区块链技术团队，2017年发布《区块链技术白皮书》至今，腾讯已经接入800家企业，覆盖金融、物流、农业等各个方面，下一步还计划发布区块链游戏产品。 In addition to paying for transfers, there are examples of successful practices in such areas as charity for public good, mutual insurance, cross-border traceability, and anti-pseudo-retroactivity. 可是，这些区块链应用大多以联盟链为主，肖风对此就持否定意见：“联盟链去掉了币，只是一个分布式账本。没有了币，也就失去了区块链的核心价值取向，失去了区块链的分布式商业价值。因此，联盟链走不长远，而这些大公司选择联盟链，很有可能也无法在区块链上有所建树。”他认为，未来一条公链上有上亿个应用，每个应用都有自己价值十万美元的代币，区块链行业将会诞生5万亿美元级别的公司。 However, most of these block chains are based on the alliance chain, and Shaw said in the negative: “The union chain is missing the currency, just a distributed book. Without the currency, the core value of the block chain is lost, and the distributed commercial value of the block chain is lost. Thus, the alliance chain is not long, and these large companies choose the union chain, and it is likely that they will not be able to build on the chain.” He argued that there will be billions of applications in a public chain in the future, each of which will have its own 100,000-dollar dailies, and that the sector chain industry will have a $5 trillion class of companies. 如果说区块链技术本身看起来还过于虚无缥缈，区块链底层的硬件开发的营收似乎要实在得多。2018年5月15日，世界第二大比特币矿机制造商嘉楠耘智递交赴港上市招股书，数据显示其凭借234名员工一年创收13亿元，年复合增长率高达423.7%。2018年4月，证监会副主席姜洋曾赴嘉楠耘智调研，就释放了欢迎信号：“不管你们芯片用于什么，本质上都还是一家芯片公司，希望你们在国内上市。” If block chain technology itself seems too vanity, the hardware development at the bottom of the chain seems to be much more tangible. On May 15, 2018, KANO, the world’s second-largest producer of bitcoin machines, submitted a bid to the Hong Kong market, showing that it generated 1.3 billion yuan a year from 234 employees, with an annual compound growth rate of 423.7 per cent, and in April 2018 Kang Yoon, Vice-President of the CSRC, went to the Kanan Institute, releasing a welcome signal: “Whatever your chips are for, they are essentially a chip company, and they want you to be listed in the country.” 但是随着数字货币市场的萧条，矿机公司上市的路途也变得艰难起来。原定2018年9月递交上市招股书的比特大陆迟迟未见动静，不断有声音称：比特大陆的矿机研发不顺、重资投资比特币现金如今已濒临破产等等，虽然9月21日比特大陆在格鲁吉亚的世界矿工大会上宣布7纳米芯片即将量产，也一再否认停止IPO，但数字货币的熊市对矿机厂商造成打击是不可否认的事实。 But with the depression in the digital currency market, the way for mining companies to go to the market has become difficult. The Bit continent, which was scheduled to present a listing offer in September 2018, has been slow to move, and there have been persistent calls for poor mining, heavy investment in bitcoin cash, and so on. Although Bit continent announced the impending production of 7 nanochips at the World Mineral Congress in Georgia on 21 September, and repeatedly denied the suspension of IPOs, it is undeniable that the bear city of digital currency hit the miner. “我们现在处在一个大迁徙时代，正在从现实世界走向虚拟世界，就像当时人类走出非洲。”这是在币圈享有极高人气的科幻作家刘慈欣对区块链革命的比喻。币圈和链圈如今的蛮荒、混乱，的确像极了弱肉强食的非洲大草原，不过我们何时能走出来，走出来是否真的是一个新的大陆和纪元呢？ “We are now in an era of great migration, moving from the real world to the virtual world, as was the case when human beings came out of Africa.” This is a metaphor for the highly humanized science-fiction writer Liu Tzu-hin in the currency world to the revolution in the chain of blocks. The currency and chain circles are now barren, chaotic, and truly like the jungle of Africa, but when can we come out, is it really a new continent and era? 本文来自微信公众号：凤凰周刊智库（ID: fhzkzk），撰稿：胡越，编辑：王毕强。头图来自：视觉中国。
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