玩比特币违法吗？

法律分析：比特币在中国是不合法的。《关于防范比特币风险的通知》的规定：现阶段，各金融机构和支付机构不得以比特币为产品或服务定价，不得买卖或作为中央对手买卖比特币，不得承保与比特币相关的保险业务或将比特币纳入保险责任范围，不得直接或间接为客户提供其他与比特币相关的服务，包括：为客户提供比特币登记、交易、清算、结算等服务；接受比特币或以比特币作为支付结算工具；开展比特币与人民币及外币的兑换服务；开展比特币的储存、托管、抵押等业务；发行与比特币相关的金融产品；将比特币作为信托、基金等投资的投资标的等。

Legal analysis: Bitcoin is not legal in China. The Notice on Protection against Bitcoin Risk provides that, at this stage, financial institutions and payment agencies shall not price bitcoin as a product or service, sell or sell bitcoin as a central counterpart, secure bitcoin-related insurance operations or include bitcoin in insurance liability, and provide customers with other Bitcoin-related services directly or indirectly, including: providing customer services such as Bitcoin registration, transaction, settlement, settlement, etc.; accepting bitcoin or using Bitcoin as a means of settlement; conducting currency exchange services with renminbi and renminbi and foreign currency; carrying out bitcoin storage, trusteeship, mortgage, etc.; issuing bitcoin-related financial products; using bitcoin as the subject of investment, etc.

法律依据：《中国人民银行、工业和信息化部、中国银行业监督管理委员会、中国证券监督管理委员会、中国保险监督管理委员会关于防范比特币风险的通知》

Legal basis: Circular of the People's Bank of China, the Ministry of Industry and Informationization, the China Banking Supervision Council, the China Securities Supervisory Board and the China Insurance Supervisory Board to protect against the risk of Bitcoin

一、正确认识比特币的属性

i. A proper understanding of the properties of bitcoin

比特币具有没有集中发行方、总量有限、使用不受地域限制和匿名性等四个主要特点。虽然比特币被称为“货币”，但由于其不是由货币当局发行，不具有法偿性与强制性等货币属性，并不是真正意义的货币。从性质上看，比特币应当是一种特定的虚拟商品，不具有与货币等同的法律地位，不能且不应作为货币在市场上流通使用。

Bitcoin has four main characteristics: it has no centralized issuer, its limited volume, and its use is not subject to geographical restrictions and anonymity. Although it is called a “currency,” it is not a currency in the real sense, because it is not issued by a monetary authority, and because it does not possess monetary attributes, such as legal and mandatory.

二、各金融机构和支付机构不得开展与比特币相关的业务

Financial institutions and payment agencies are prohibited from carrying out operations related to Bitcoin

现阶段，各金融机构和支付机构不得以比特币为产品或服务定价，不得买卖或作为中央对手买卖比特币，不得承保与比特币相关的保险业务或将比特币纳入保险责任范围，不得直接或间接为客户提供其他与比特币相关的服务，包括：为客户提供比特币登记、交易、清算、结算等服务；接受比特币或以比特币作为支付结算工具；开展比特币与人民币及外币的兑换服务；开展比特币的储存、托管、抵押等业务；发行与比特币相关的金融产品；将比特币作为信托、基金等投资的投资标的等。

At this stage, financial institutions and payment agencies shall not price their products or services with bitcoin, buy or sell bitcoin as a central counterpart, shall not cover bitcoin-related insurance operations or include bitcoin in insurance liability, and shall not directly or indirectly provide customers with other bitcoin-related services, including: providing customers with bitcoin registration, transactions, liquidation, settlement, etc.; accepting bitcoin or using bitcoin as a payment settlement tool; conducting currency exchange services with renminbi and renminbi and foreign currency; carrying out bitcoin storage, trusteeship, mortgage, etc.; issuing bitcoin-related financial products; using bitcoin as an investment object for trust, funds, etc.

三、加强对比特币互联网站的管理

Strengthening the management of the Bitcoin Internet site

依据《中华人民共和国电信条例》和《互联网信息服务管理办法》，提供比特币登记、交易等服务的互联网站应当在电信管理机构备案。

In accordance with the Telecommunication Regulations of the People's Republic of China and the Measures for the Management of Internet Information Services, Internet stations providing services such as Bitcoin registration, transactions, etc. should file with the telecommunications authority.

电信管理机构根据相关管理部门的认定和处罚意见，依法对违法比特币互联网站予以关闭。

On the basis of the determinations and punitive opinions of the relevant authorities, the telecommunications regulatory body closed down the Internet station in Bitcoin, in violation of the law, in accordance with the law.

四、防范比特币可能产生的洗钱风险

IV. Protection against potential money-laundering risks in Bitcoin

中国人民银行各分支机构应当密切关注比特币及其他类似的具有匿名、跨境流通便利等特征的虚拟商品的动向及态势，认真研判洗钱风险，研究制定有针对性的防范措施。各分支机构应当将在辖区内依法设立并提供比特币登记、交易等服务的机构纳入反洗钱监管，督促其加强反洗钱监测。

The branches of the People’s Bank of China should pay close attention to the movements and dynamics of Bitcoin and other similar virtual goods with anonymous, cross-border circulation features, carefully consider the risk of money-laundering and develop targeted preventive measures. The branches should incorporate anti-money-laundering controls into the institutions established and provided with Bitcoin registration, transactions, etc. in their jurisdictions in accordance with the law, and urge them to strengthen anti-money-laundering monitoring.

提供比特币登记、交易等服务的互联网站应切实履行反洗钱义务，对用户身份进行识别，要求用户使用实名注册，登记姓名、身份证号码等信息。

Internet stations providing services such as Bitcoin registration, transactions, etc. should fulfil their anti-money-laundering obligations by identifying users, requiring users to register under a real name, registering names, identification numbers, etc.

各金融机构、支付机构以及提供比特币登记、交易等服务的互联网站如发现与比特币及其他虚拟商品相关的可疑交易，应当立即向中国反洗钱监测分析中心报告，并配合中国人民银行的反洗钱调查活动；对于发现使用比特币进行诈骗、赌博、洗钱等犯罪活动线索的，应及时向公安机关报案。

Financial institutions, payment agencies and Internet stations providing services such as Bitcoin registration and transactions should immediately report suspicious transactions related to Bitcoin and other virtual goods to the China Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Centre and cooperate with the anti-money-laundering investigation activities of the People's Bank of China; and should promptly report to the public security organs any leads found to the use of Bitcoin for criminal activities such as fraud, gambling and money-laundering.

五、加强对社会公众货币知识的教育及投资风险提示

V. Strengthening education on the public's monetary knowledge and exposure to investment risks

各部门和金融机构、支付机构在日常工作中应当正确使用货币概念，注重加强对社会公众货币知、识的教育，将正确认识货币、正确看待虚拟商品和虚拟货币、理性投资、合理控制投资风险、维护自身财产安全等观念纳入金融知识普及活动的内容，引导社会公众树立正确的货币观念和投资理念。

In their day-to-day work, departments and financial institutions and payment agencies should use the concept of money correctly, focus on strengthening the education of the public in monetary knowledge and knowledge, incorporate the concepts of correct appreciation of money, a proper view of virtual goods and currency, rational investment, rational control of investment risks, and the safeguarding of the security of their property into their financial literacy activities, and guide the public in the formation of sound monetary and investment concepts.

各金融监管机构可以根据本通知制定相关实施细则。

The respective financial regulatory bodies may make implementing regulations based on this notification.

请中国人民银行上海总部，各分行、营业管理部、省会（首府）城市中心支行将本通知转发至辖区内各地方性金融机构和支付机构。本通知执行过程中发现的新情况、新问题，请及时向中国人民银行报告。

The Chinese People's Bank's Shanghai headquarters, branches of the Department of Business Management, and branches of the city centre of the provincial capital (the capital) are requested to forward this circular to local financial institutions and payment agencies within the jurisdiction.