什么是比特币
What's a bitcoin?
比特币(BitCoin)是一种P2P形式的数字货币。点对点的传输意味着一个去中心化的支付系统。比特币不依靠特定货币机构发行，它依据特定算法，通过大量的计算产生，比特币经济使用整个P2P网络中众多节点构成的分布式数据库来确认并记录所有的交易行为。P2P的去中心化特性与算法本身可以确保无法通过大量制造比特币来人为操控币值。基于密码学的设计可以使比特币只能被真实的拥有者转移或支付。这同样确保了货币所有权与流通交易的匿名性。
BitCoin is a digital currency in the form of P2P. Point-to-point transmission means a decentralised payment system. Bitcoin is not issued by a specific monetary institution, it is generated by a large number of calculations, and the Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database consisting of numerous nodes in the entire P2P network to confirm and record all transactions. The decentralised properties and algorithms of P2P can themselves ensure that the artificial value of the currency cannot be manipulated by mass-manufacturing bitcoin. Designs based on cryptography allow Bitcoins to be transferred or paid only by real owners. This also ensures the anonymity of the money ownership and circulation transactions.
比特币是一种网络虚拟货币，数量有限，跟腾讯公司的Q币类似，但是可以用来套现：可以兑换成大多数国家的货币。你可以使用比特币购买一些虚拟的物品，比如网络游戏当中的衣服、帽子、装备等，只要有人接受，你也可以使用比特币购买现实生活当中的物品。
Bitcoin is a virtual Internet currency, a limited amount, similar to that of Queens, but it can be used to cash: it can be converted into the currency of most countries. You can use bitcoin to buy virtual items, such as clothes, hats, equipment, etc. in online games, and you can use bitcoin to buy real-life items whenever someone accepts it.
比特币与其他虚拟货币最大的不同，是其总数量是非常有限的，具有极强的稀缺性。该货币系统在前4年内只有不超过1050万个，之后的总数量将被永久限制在2100万个之内。还有一点是，你可以用电脑生产比特币。
The biggest difference between Bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that its total number is very limited and extremely scarce. In the first four years, there were no more than 10.5 million monetary systems, and then the total number would be permanently limited to 21 million. And one thing is that you can make bitcoins with computers.
详细介绍
比特币(Bitcoin)是一种由开源的P2P软体产生的数字货币。也有人将比特币意译为“比特金”。虚拟货币比特币(BitCoin)的概念最初由中本聪(Satoshi Nakamoto)在2009年提出，现在比特币也用于指称bitcoin根据中本聪的思路设计发布的开源软件以及建构其上的P2P网络。与大多数货币不同的是，比特币不依赖于特定的中央发行机构，而是使用遍布整个P2P网络节点的分布式数据库来记录货币的交易，并使用密码学的设计来确保货币流通各个环节安全性。例如，比特币只能被它的真实拥有者使用，而且仅仅一次，支付完成之后原主人即失去对该份额比特币的所有权。
Bitcoin is also a digital currency generated by open-source P2P software. Bitcoin is also interpreted by some as “ Bitcoin” Virtual Currency Bitcoin, originally proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009, is now also used to allege that bitcoin designs open-source software and constructs its P2P network based on medium-blogic thinking. Unlike most currencies, Bitcoin does not rely on a specific central issuer, but uses distributed databases throughout the P2P network to record currency transactions and uses cryptography to ensure the security of the money chain. For example, Bitcoin can only be used by its true owners, and once paid, the original owner loses ownership of the share of the Bitcoin.
比特币非常类似于现金
Bitcoin is very similar to cash.
比特币的好处：不会被冻结、无法跟踪、不用纳税、交易成本极低。于是有人用它网购，有人用它支持自己喜欢的内容，还有人用它来玩扑克。
Bitcoin benefits: it's not frozen, untraceable, tax-free, transaction costs are very low. So someone buys it online, someone uses it to support what they like, and someone uses it to play poker.
在过去一年内，比特币对美元的币值已经上涨了约一千倍，一些淘宝商店也开始支持比特币兑换实体货币、支付等业务，难免引发犯罪分子对比特币的兴趣。
In the past year, the value of bitcoin against the United States dollar has increased by about a thousand times, and a number of treasure-grabbing stores have begun to support bitcoin-exchange operations such as real currency and payments, which inevitably attract the interest of criminals in bitcoin.
瑞典组织存比特币保值
Swedish tissue saves bitcoin.
在最近一个月里，虚拟货币Bitcoin的价值先翻了四倍，又狂跌了75%，之后又上涨了100%，目前仍然处于反弹中。瑞典海盗版权改革组织的创办人将自己所有的存款都兑换成比特币。
In the last month, the value of the virtual currency Bitcoin has quadrupled, dropped by 75%, and then rose by 100%, and is still in a rebound. The founder of the Swedish pirate copyright reform organization converts all its deposits into bitcoin.
有人抨击比特币容易给洗钱活动创造有利条件，但是比特币的支持者认为，比特币只是比较类似于现金。现金也用于洗钱，但是人们只应该批评犯罪的人，而不应该批评现金本身。不过无论是谁，都承认比特币给政府的监管增加了难度，只是自由主义者认为这是好事，而喜欢政府管制的人则认为不好。
Some argue that bitcoin is easy to create favourable conditions for money-laundering, but its supporters argue that bitcoin is more like cash. Cash is also used for money-laundering, but people should only criticize the criminal rather than the cash itself.
很多投资比特币的人都不确定它到底能保值或维持多久，有的人出于投机心态，希望购入比特币等待将来升值卖出。但是也有很多坚定的货币数量论者认为，比特币建立了一种至今为止最为完美的货币数量控制机制，实现了诺贝尔经济学奖得主富里德曼的伟大设想，有可能发展成为一种和现行法币体系并行的信用货币，并获得稳定的币值。
Many investors in bitcoin are not sure how long it will be saved or sustained, and some wish to buy bitcoin for future appreciation, out of speculation. But there are also many strong monetary quantitativeists who believe that bitcoin has created the most perfect monetary quantitative control mechanism to date, realizing the great vision of Nobel laureate Ferideman, with the potential to develop into a credit currency parallel to the current French-currency system, and to gain a stable currency.
如何获得比特币
How to get Bitcoin
首先你的电脑应该安装了最新版的比特币客户端，打开客户端之后它会自动将网络上的全部交易信息数据下载到本地，根据网速的不同这个过程可能要几个小时。此时你的账户余额是0，你可以让你朋友送一些币给你，但更可行的办法是两个：一是去做矿工挖矿，二是去做商人收购。
First, your computer should have installed the latest version of the Bitcoin client, and when you open the client, it automatically downloads all the transactional data on the network to the local location. This process can take hours depending on the speed of the net. At this point, your account balance is zero, and you can have your friend send you some coins, but two more options are possible: miner mining and merchant buying.
做矿工就是用自己的电脑生产比特币，在早期的客户端中还有挖矿这一选项，但现在已经取消了，原因很简单，随着参与挖矿的人数越来越多，自己一个人挖矿可能要挖上几年才有50个币，所以现在矿工一般都组织成矿工行会，大家一起挖。具体的挖矿方法，大家可以自行去网上搜索。
Miners are producing bitcoin with their own computers, and the option of mining has been removed from their early clients for the simple reason that, with the growing number of people involved in mining, they can dig 50 coins on their own for a few years, so miners are now organized into miners' unions, all together. The specific method of mining can be found online.
做商人可以用钱去收购矿工挖到的币，也可以搞一个网店卖东西收比特币，更可以去交易所炒币。现在提供比特币兑换服务的网站很多，几乎已经可以兑换成任何一种货币了。如果你实在不懂如何兑换，也可以来找老端帮忙。
如今在网络中比特币变得异常火热，自从今年四川芦山地震发生后，壹基金宣布接受比特币捐款，短短几天之内收到233个比特币，折合人民币近22万元。这是中国第一个接受比特币捐赠的非政府组织，比特币也第一次在我国成为捐赠物，因此其知名度也大增，不少网友也都非常好奇比特币是什么东西。
If you do not know how to convert, you can come to the old man.
Bitcoin is now very hot in the network. Since the Sichuan earthquake this year, a fund has announced that it will accept Bitcoin contributions, receiving 233 bitcoins in just a few days, equivalent to nearly 220,000 yuan. This is China’s first non-governmental organization to receive Bitcoin donations, and for the first time in my country, Bitcoin has become a donation, so its visibility has increased, and many of its friends are very curious about what special coins are.
在对计算机和网络狂热的人的圈子里流转了4年的比特币正逐步走进大众的生活。那么，到底什么是比特币东西，大家为何又如此关注呢，接下来本文将与大家大家分晓。
Bitcoin, which has been in circulation for four years in the circle of computer and cyber fanatics, is gradually entering the lives of the public. So, why is everyone so concerned about what bitcoin is?
比特币是什么东西
What's a bitcoin?
2009年1月3日，一个化名叫“中本聪”的黑客，在网络上发布了开源的第一版比特币客户端，比特币就此诞生。概括来说，比特币基于一套密码编码、通过复杂算法产生，这一规则不受任何个人或组织干扰，去中心化；任何人都可以下载并运行比特币客户端而参与制造比特币；比特币利用电子签名的方式来实现流通，通过P2P分布式网络来核查重复消费。每一块比特币的产生、消费都会通过P2P分布式网络记录并告知全网，不存在伪造的可能。
On 3 January 2009, a hacker named “ Central Ben & rdquo; published the first version of the open-source Bitcoin client on the network, and Bitcoin was born. In summary, Bitcoin was created on the basis of a code code code, generated through a complex algorithm, which was decentralized without any interference from any individual or organization; anyone could download and run a bitcoin client and be involved in the manufacture of bitcoin; Bitcoin used electronic signatures to circulate, verifying repeated consumption through a P2P distributed network. Every bitcoin is generated, consumed, recorded and communicated to the whole network through the P2P distributed network, and there is no possibility of forgery.
根据算法本身的设计，每4年产生的比特币数值会减半，到2140年，一共会“发行”2100万个，而且总量不会增加。由于比特币每一笔交易都有记录，人们能够确切地知道每一个比特币的去处，因此在网站上也能够查询到当前比特币的“发行”数量。与一国要维持货币币值稳定的目标不同，比特币的价格一直以来走势疯狂。
According to the algorithm itself, the bitcoin value generated every four years will be halved, with a total of “ distribution & & rdquo; 21 million, with no increase in total, by 2140. Because every bitcoin transaction is recorded, one can know exactly where every bitcoin is going, and so the current bitcoin's & ldquao; distribution & & rdquao; quantity can be found on the website. Unlike a country's goal of maintaining currency stability, bitcoin prices have been going crazy.
2009年诞生之初，比特币的身价极其低廉，仅5美分左右。但之后随着影响力提升，身价犹如坐上直升机，疯狂上涨。4月10日，一枚比特币全球交易价格突破200美元，4月11日，更是蹿到了264美元的历史新高，随后，由于持币人抛售，比特币的价格一路暴跌至54美元左右。
But then, with the rise in influence, the price rose like a helicopter. On April 10, a Bitcoin global transaction cost exceeded $200, and on April 11, it reached an all-time high of $264, followed by a sharp drop in the price of Bitcoin to about $54 as a result of the sale by its holders.
如何获得比特币
How to get Bitcoin
如果你想获得比特币，有两种方法：一是交易，也就是从别人那里购买；二是生产，就是通过运行比特币客户端，做运算从而获得比特币奖励。第二种方法又被比特币爱好者称为“挖矿”。
If you want to get bitcoin, there are two ways: trading, that is, buying it from someone else; and production, that is, running a bitcoin client and doing a bitcoin reward. The second way is called &ldquao by bitcoin fans; mining & rdquao;
比特币是什么东西 如何获得比特币？
第一种方法很简单，所谓买卖就是通过交换让效率提高，只要你有现实中的钱就可以兑换到网络世界里的比特币。
The first approach is simple: trading is about making it more efficient through exchange, so long as you have real money to convert to bitcoin in the Internet world.
目前，世界最大的比特币交易平台是位于日本的Mt.Gox，中国的比特币爱好者则可以通过比特币交易平台（fxbtc.com）进行交易。
Currently, the world's largest Bitcoin trading platform is Mt.Gox, located in Japan, while Chinese Bitcoin fans can trade through the Bitcoin trading platform (fxbtc.com).
而第二种方法，通俗一点讲，你有一台计算机，下载一个客户端，运行特定软件，经过若干计算完成特定数学问题，就能获得一定的比特币，这个过程就叫做“挖矿”。
And the second method, popularly speaking, is that you have a computer, download a client, run a specific software, and, after several calculations, get a certain bitcoin, which is called &ldquao; mining & rdquao;
现在，越来越多的人加入了“挖矿”队伍，他们不舍昼夜地开着电脑，甚至还有人组建了机房，就是为了让自己的一串数字和字母组成的账户上多出几个数字。以前是人工挖矿，后来进入的人则用机器挖矿，“有人发明了专门的‘挖矿机’，这个机器在淘宝上就有卖，几万块钱一台，但收回成本估计也得一两年，因为比特币越来越难挖。”IT从业者魏鹏说。
Now, more and more people are joining “ dig mines & & rdquo; the team, who have been running computers all day and night, and who have even set up an engine room in order to add a few numbers to their account of numbers and letters. Formerly dig mines artificially, then those who enter use machines to dig mines & & ldquo; some have invented special ‘ diggers ’ this machine is sold on treasures, tens of thousands of dollars, but the cost of recovery is estimated to be a year or two, because bitquo is becoming more difficult to dig. & & & rdquao; IT practitioners Wei Peng said.
比特币的风险与未来
bitcoinrisks and the future
比特币正在逐渐成为一些人追捧的投资品。目前，在全球范围内，比特币不仅可以通过多个线上的交易所和服务商进行兑换交易，还可以用来直接购物。
Bitcoin is gradually becoming an investment for some. At present, worldwide, Bitcoin can be traded not only through multiple online exchanges and service providers, but also for direct shopping.
对于这个通过电脑软件创造出来的虚拟货币，支持的人认为，它是一种创新，是世界未来的主流货币，在经济发展中“有着无可比拟的优势”。但也有经济学家指出，目前比特币还远不具备成为货币的基本条件，这一切不过是众人吹起的巨大泡沫，比特币的实质是庞氏骗局。
For this virtual currency, created through computer software, supporters argue that it is an innovation, the world’s future mainstream currency, in economic development & & ldquao; has an incomparable advantage & & rdquao; but some economists have pointed out that bitcoin is still far from being a basic currency, all of which is a huge bubble, and that bitcoin’s essence is a Ponzi scheme.
中国比特币理论研究者、科技博主“悟网不欢”表示，第一批50枚比特币是“中本聪”凭空产生的，它的成本几乎为零，到了后来不管是“挖矿”，还是交易获得，比特币的成本越来越高，“这就类似于庞氏骗局，即先来者的利益由后来者实现，要想自己获利，必须使下一批入场的人付出更高的成本。”
China’s Bitcoin theoretical researcher, technologist & & ldquo; Knewsnet’s & & rdquo; indicated that the first 50 bitcoins were & & & & & & & & & ; that they were produced in an empty space, and that their cost was almost zero, and later whether they were & & & & & rdquao; whether they were mined & & & trade acquisition, and became increasingly expensive, & & & ldquo; this was similar to the Ponzi scheme, where the benefits of the first came were realized by the later and the next arrivals had to pay a higher cost if they were to profit themselves. & & rdquao;
此外，比特币带来的安全性问题一直以来也备受关注，由于其高匿名性，不少比特币被用于黑市交易以躲避资金流追踪的风险，也有人通过比特币从事非法工作。
In addition, the issue of security brought about by Bitcoin has been a constant concern, as a result of its high level of anonymity, a number of bitcoins have been used in black market transactions to avoid the risk of financial flows being traced, and illegal work has been carried out through bitcoin.
如今，由于缺乏监管价格涨跌幅度过大，比特币已经引起了美国相关部门的注意。据外媒报道，美国商品期货交易委员会官员表示，正在考虑比特币是否适用于该机构的法规。对此，业内专家普遍表示，监管机构对比特币的反击或将接踵而至。
According to the foreign media, US Commission on Commodity Futures Trading officials have said that they are considering whether Bitcoin is applicable to the agency’s regulations. In response, industry experts generally say that the regulators’ counter-attack or will follow suit.
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