成癮性藥物是指臨床上常用的麻醉、鎮痛、抗焦慮、抗抑鬱的一些處方藥。這些藥物在醫生指導下合理使用具有很好的療效，但足若過量使用會使人產生欣快感，連續使用會產生嚴重的軀體依賴性和心理依賴性，停藥會導致生理功能紊亂，出現戒斷癥狀。
Addicted drugs are prescription drugs that are commonly used in bedtimes. These have a good therapeutic effect under the guidance of a doctor, but if used too much, it will give rise to a sense of exhilaration and serious physical dependence and psychological dependence.
成癮性藥物按其主要作用可分為三類，即興奮劑、抑製劑(包括鎮靜催眠劑)及致幻劑。
Dependent substances can be classified according to their main effect into three categories, i.e., stimulants, inhibitors (including sedatives) and hallucinogens.
1.興奮劑
1. Extortion
以苯丙胺類為代表，包括苯丙胺、右旋苯丙胺甲基苯丙胺、嚷醋甲脂、匹莫林等，系一類可引起中樞神經興奮，提高中樞醒覺水平的擬交感胺類的中樞神經精神運動性興奮藥。自1929年Alles合成苯丙胺，同年又合成甲基苯丙胺以來，這類藥物的濫用呈上升趨勢，特別是在東南亞國家(地區)據統計，在菲律賓濫用甲基苯丙胺的人數已超過濫用火麻的人數，日益構成社會問題。該類藥可產生情緒高漲及精神潛求，長期使用可產生精神上及／或軀體上的依賴。如果斷藥可出現“戒斷癥狀”(情緒低落為必有癥狀)，並伴以各種精神及／或軀體癥狀，初期的短路反應等不適行為。軀體癥狀植物神經癥狀為主，伴或不伴不隨意運動。中末期表現為意識障礙(可出現幻覺妄想狀態)，感知障礙(一過性的聽覺過敏，幻聽為多，可有幻視、有幻嗅、幻味、幻觸)，思維障礙(各種妄想、強迫觀念)，意志和行為障礙；記憶和智能障礙及人格障礙(如抑制力缺乏、多疑、情緒不穩定、意志缺乏、反社會行為也很明顯)。
The use of amphetamines, which is represented by amphetamines, right-methamphetamines, aphrodisiacs, pemolins, etc., is a kind of medium-term neuropsychiatric excitement that raises the level of sensitisation. Since 1929, Alles synthetic amphetamines, and also synthetic methamphetamines in the same year, has increased by trend , especially in the south-east countries (areas) > >, while the use of 2.鎮靜催眠劑
2. Silent hypnotizer 這類藥物可緩解焦慮。增進睡眠，放鬆情緒。在競爭激烈，生活和工作節奏加快的今天，人們常藉助這類藥物來擺脫困境，放鬆情緒因此這類藥物的濫用也日趨嚴重。
This type of drug eases anxiety. Sleep increases, relaxing emotions. At , life and work rhythms are often used to help get out of trouble, so relaxing moods are becoming a serious problem. (1)巴比妥類甲喹酮。自1903年巴比妥投入臨床後．用藥人數眾多。1955年甲喹酮投入臨床，用藥者更增。這類藥物的長期使用造成患者心理健康明顯受損=戒斷癥狀可在停藥1～2d後出現。早期為情緒不穩定、虛弱，後剛出現痙攣發作、意識混沌、譫妄及幻覺譫妄等。依賴性表現為生身無力、焦慮、情感淡漠、註意力不集中、性欲亢進、行為放藹、道德觀念淡漠、控制力減弱、工作能力和社會能力減退。
(i) barbiturone. The number of people using drugs has increased since 1903, when barbiturdo was put to bed. The number of people using methaqualone went to bed in 1955 increased. The long-term use of this drug caused obvious mental health damage to patients = abstinence = abstinence = abstinence can occur from 1 to 2d. Early unstable and weak, followed by lingering emotions, confusion, paranoia and delusional paranoia. Dependent sexual behaviour has resulted in loss of strength, anxiety, indifference, lack of concentration, sexual aversion, demagoguery, loss of control, (2)苯二氯卓類。這類藥物發展很快，自1955年Stembatch偶然台成氯氮卓(利眠寧)並廣泛試用於臨床後，陸續合成了不少衍生物。1959年地西泮(安定)問世，隨後安定衍生物不斷推薦於臨床，如氟西泮、硝西泮、氯硝西泮、艾司他唑侖、三唑色阿普唑它等。這類藥物具有抗焦慮、鎮靜，抗癲癇，肌肉鬆弛作用，是目前全球處方量最太的藥物，使用人數甚眾。這類藥物的長期反覆應用可產生耐藥性及成癮性，長期用藥突然停藥者可出現戒斷癥狀，甚至導致戒斷精神病。
(ii) The benzodichloride type. This type of drug has grown rapidly since 1955 when Stembatch accidentally turned into a chlorazepine (spiriting) and was widely tested for use in the bed. In 1959, the Xipirium was born, followed by the Qindium derivatives, which were always recommended to the bed, such as Flusil, Nitsilium, chlorazepam, Espatus, Trixylazepam, etc. The drug is resistant, calm, antiseptic, muscular relaxing, and is currently the world’s oldest prescription drug, with a high number of people using it. The drug’s long-term response is drug-resistant and addictive. 苯二氮卓類成癌後出現精神損害，Hall及Zisook稱之為矛盾反應行為，包括攻擊行為、敵對態度、犯罪行為如盜竊、住攻擊及異常(過分追求異性，性暴露)、欣快、言語增多、情鯖穩定、焦慮、抑鬱、檄惹、不能自製的哭笑、甚至自殺：這類筠物遷可引起記憶障礙，包括長期記憶力障礙和順行性遺忘。
Moral damage following cancer of benzodiazepines has been described by Hall and Zisook as contradictory behaviour, including assault behaviour, enemy to /a), criminal behaviour such as theft, residential assault and anomaly (extra-neuction, sexual exposure), euphoria, increased speech, stability, anxiety, depression, sarcasm, unmanageable tears, or even suicide: the migration of this type can cause memory impairments, including chronic memory impairments and . 3.致幻劑
3. hallucinogens 這婁藥物可產生精神釋放現象，故有精神釋放藥(psychodefics drug或mind show drug)之稱：在歐美大學生段西方國家的文藝界人士中，為尋求感官刺激及靈感、頓悟。這類藥物使用頗廣。
This drug gives rise to spiritual release, which is referred to as psychodefics drug or Mind show drug: the art and culture of Western countries among the university students in Europe and the United States of America seek sensory stimulation and spirituality and enlightenment. The drug is widely used. 主要代表藥是麥角二乙胺(lysergids,LSD)20世紀40年代合成。首先是知覺改變，視覺特別生動，可出現多種幻視，如看到色彩絢麗的圖案，搖動的光線、花環，奇妙的景物，有時自己也參與其中，同時可有幻聽、幻觸、幻味，有時感到自身體象政變或不復存在，或飛翔於藍天、或邀游於大海。加太劑量各種感覺還會倒錯、融合，出現難以置信的神秘態，如看見自已跌落到無底深淵，毒蜘蛛在背上爬，自己的手變成了熊掌等由於幻覺影響及自製能力減弱，極易發生對他人或自身的攻擊行為。軀體狀症有震顫、瞳孔擴太、血壓升高等致幻刺只產生精神依賴而不產生生理依賴，通常也無戒斷現象。
The drug mainly represents a lysergids (LSD) synthesis in the 1940s. First , flowers, wonderful landscapes, sometimes with their own participation, with their own visions and visions of , with their own power to detonate,/duceduce, or detonate, or otherwise, with their own power, or storefts, and/brebs. 20世紀80年代後期，在美國“迷魂藥”流行的著名的MDMA(亞甲氧氟基甲基苯丙胺)是另一種影響較太的致幻藥。1912年在法國合成，具有苯丙胺類和LSD作用：MDMA濫用者主要利用其致幻作用。它可造成多種心理損害包括理混亂、抑鬱、失眠、焦慮、恐慌和妄想：可使註意力渙散，動作不協調，暴力衝動甚至誘發犯罪。目前在我國出現的“搖頭丸”(又稱樂丸)其主要成分為相當純的MDMA為興奮性致幻毒品，產生幻覺，為自己精力過人，無所能，聽到音樂就手舞足蹈，狂抖亂扭，尤其是腦袋左右晃動不停，“搖頭丸”名稱就是由此得來，危害非淺。
In the late 1980s, the famous MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine) popular /a was another phantom. In 1912, it was synthesized in France, with amphetamines and LSD effects: MDMA abusers used mainly with their hallucinations. It can cause many psychological damage, including confusion, depression, insomnia, anxiety, panic and delusion: it can spread the mind, not , and it can drive violent crime , which is a major shock-diffictive, which is a shock-diffictive, which is a powerful shock-infested M DM.
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