Web1.0：出现于20世纪90年代和21世纪初。当时的互联网是静态、只读的HTML页面。用户之间的互联也相当有限、Yahoo、新浪和搜狐等，内容为主，少交互
Web1.0 & #xff1a; appeared in the 1990s and early 21st century. The Internet was static, read-only HTML pages. Users also have limited connectivity, Yahoo, new waves and fox search xff0c; content xff0c; less interaction.
web1.0时代是一个群雄并起，逐鹿网络的时代，虽然各个网站采用的手段和方法不同，但第一代互联网有诸多共同的特征，表现在技术创新主导模式、基于点击流量的盈利共通点、门户合流、明晰的主营兼营产业结构、动态网站。在WEB1.0上做出巨大贡献的公司有Netscape，Yahoo和Google。 Netscape研发出第一个大规模商用的浏览器，Yahoo的杨致远提出了互联网黄页， 而Google后来居上，推出了大受欢迎的搜索服务。
特征:
Features:
一、web1.0基本采用的是技术创新主导模式，信息技术的变革和使用对于网站的新生与发展起到了关键性的作用。新浪的最初就是以技术平台起家，搜狐以搜索技术起家，腾讯以即时通讯技术起家，盛大以网络游戏起家，在这些网站的创始阶段，技术性的痕迹相当之重。
i. Web1.0 basically uses the technology innovation-led model xff0c; changes in information technology and its use play a key role in the rebirth and development of web sites. The new wave began with a technology platform xff0c; a search of foxes to search for technology xff0c; a live communication technology starter xff0c; a network game starter xff0c; in the start-up phase of these sites xff0c; technical footprints are quite heavy.
二、web1.0的盈利都基于一个共通点，即巨大的点击流量。无论是早期融资还是后期获利，依托的都是为数众多的用户和点击率，以点击率为基础上市或开展增值服务，受众群众的基础，决定了盈利的水平和速度，充分地体现了互联网的眼球经济色彩。
Second, the profit from web1.0 is based on a common point & #xff0c; i.e., a large flow of hits. Whether for early financing or later profit & #xff0c; based on a large number of users and hits & #xff0c; based on the number of hits &/ value-added services & #xff0c; base of audience xff0c; determines the level and speed of profitability & xff0c; and adequately reflects the eye economic colour of the Internet.
三、web1.0的发展出现了向综合门户合流现象，早期的新浪与搜狐、网易等，继续坚持了门户网站的道路，而腾讯、MSN、GOOGLE等网络新贵，都纷纷走向了门户网络，尤其是对于新闻信息，有着极大的、共同的兴趣。这一情况的出现，在于门户网站本身的盈利空间更加广阔，盈利方式更加多元化，占据网站平台，可以更加有效地实现增值意图，并延伸由主营业务之外的各类服务。
III. The development of web1.0 has seen a convergence of flows towards integrated portals & #xff0c; early new waves and search for foxes, web access & #xff0c; continued adherence to portal roads & #xff0c; newly expensive networks such as tethers, MSN, GOOGLE & #xff0c; moving towards portal networks & #xff0c; especially for news information & #xff0c; a great common interest. This has occurred & xff0c; xff0c in the larger profit space of the portal itself ; more diversified ways xff0c; taking over web platforms #xff0c; more effective value-added intentions #xff0c; and extending services outside the main business.
四、web1.0的合流同时，还形成了主营与兼营结合的明晰产业结构。新浪以新闻+广告为主，网易拓展游戏，搜狐延伸门户矩阵，各家以主营作为突破口，以兼营作为补充点，形成拳头加肉掌的发展方式。
iv. #xff0c of web1.0 blending & #xffc; well-defined industrial structures for the integration of the main camp with the main camp. The new wave is news & #43; advertising & #xff0c; web-friendly games & #xff0c; search-and-fox portal matrix & #xff0c; home based on the main camp as a breakthrough & #xff0c; camp as a supplement & #xff0c; manner of development of fists and palms.
五、web1.0不以html为语言，在1.0时代,动态网站已经广泛应用，比如论坛等。
v. Web1.0 does not use html as a language xff0c; in the 1.0 era, dynamic websites have been widely used xff0c; for example, forums.
Web2.0：也被称为读写网络，开始于2004年左右，至今也仍然处于Web2.0时代。它由社交媒体网站、博客和在线社区组成，终端用户可以在任何时间实时地交互和协作、Facebook、微信和抖音等，关系为主，多交互
Web2.0： also known as the read and write network xff0c; started around 2004 xff0c; and is still in Web 2.0. It consists of social media sites, blogs and online communities xff0c; end users can interact and collaborate in real time at any time xff0c; relationships are xff0c; multi-interactive.
Web2.0是相对于Web1.0的新的时代。指的是一个利用Web的平台，由用户主导而生成的内容互联网产品模式，为了区别传统由网站雇员主导生成的内容而定义为第二代互联网，web2.0是一个新的时代。 [1] 抛开纷繁芜杂的Web 2.0现象，进而将其放到科技发展与社会变革的大视野下来看，Web 2.0可以说是信息技术发展引发网络革命所带来的面向未来、以人为本的创新2.0模式在互联网领域的典型体现，是由专业人员织网到所有用户参与织网的创新民主化进程的生动注释
特点:
Features:
（1）用户参与网站内容制造。与web1.0网站单向信息发布的模式不同，web2.0网站的内容通常是用户发布的，使得用户既是网站内容的浏览者也是网站内容的制造者，这也就意味着web2.0网站为用户提供了更多参与的机会，例如博客网站和wiki就是典型的用户创造内容的指导思想，而tag技术（用户设置标签）将传统网站中的信息分类工作直接交给用户来完成。
& #xff08; 1） User participation in website content making. Unlike web1.0 website, the content of web 2.0 is usually xff0c issued by users; so that users are both browsers of web content and creators of web content xff0c; this also means that web 2.0 provides users with more opportunities to participate xff0c; for example, blogs and wiki are typical user-generated content guidelines xff0c; and Tag technology xff08; user labels xff09; and directs the classification of information in traditional websites to users.
（2）web2.0更加注重交互性。不仅用户在发布内容过程中实现与网络服务器之间交互，而且，也实现了同一网站不同用户之间的交互，以及不同网站之间信息的交互。
& #xff08; 2） web 2.0 is more interactive. Not only are users interacting with the web server during the process of publishing content & #xff0c; xff0c; xff0c; xff0c; and there are also interactions between different users of the same website & #xff0c; and information interactions between different websites.
（3）符合web标准的网站设计。web标准是国际上正在推广的网站标准，通常所说的web标准一般是指网站建设采用基于XHTML语言的网站设计语言，实际上，web标准并不是某一标准，而是一系列标准的集合。web标准中典型的应用模式是“CSS+XHTML”，摒弃了HTML4.0中的表格定位方式，其优点之一是网站设计代码规范，并且减少了大量代码，减少网络带宽资源浪费，加快了网站访问速度。更重要的一点是，符合web标准的网站对于用户和搜索引擎更加友好。
& xff08; 3xff09; Web site design that meets the web criteria. The Web standard is the web standard that is being promoted internationally xff0c; the Web standard generally refers to website construction using website design language based on the XHTML language xff0c; xff0c; in fact xff0c; web standard is not a standard xff0c; it is a set of standards. The typical application model in the web standard is “CS+ XHTML， rejection of form positioning in HTML4.0 xff0c; one of its advantages is that website design code specifications xff0c; reduction of a large number of codes xff0c; reduction of waste of web bandwidth resources xff0c; and acceleration of website access. More importantly, xff0c; web sites that meet the web criterion are more friendly to users and search engines.
（4）web2.0网站与web1.0没有绝对的界限。web2.0技术可以成为web1.0网站的工具，一些在web2.0概念之前诞生的网站本身也具有web2.0特性，例如B2B电子商务网站的免费信息发布和网络社区类网站的内容也来源于用户。
& #xff08; 4） web 2.0 website does not have absolute boundaries with web1.0. Web 2.0 technology can be a tool for web1.0 website & #xff0c; some web sites that were born before the web 2.0 concept also have web 2.0 properties & #xff0c; e.g. free information distribution on the B2B e-commerce website and content from web-based community-based sites are also sourced from users.
（5）web2.0的核心不是技术而在于指导思想。web2.0有一些典型的技术，但技术是为了达到某种目的所采取的手段。web2.0技术本身不是web2.0网站的核心，重要的在于典型的web2.0技术体现了具有web2.0特征的应用模式。因此，与其说web2.0是互联网技术的创新，不如说是互联网应用指导思想的革命。
The core of & #xff08; 5） web 2.0 is not about technology but about guiding ideas. Web 2.0 has some typical technologies & #xff0c; but technology is the means used to achieve a certain purpose. Web 2.0 technology itself is not the core & #xff0c of the web 2.0 website; important is that the typical web 2.0 technology reflects application patterns with web 2.0 characteristics. & xff0c; thus xff0c; xff0c is more about the revolution in Internet application of guiding ideas than xff0c.
（6）web2.0是互联网的一次理念和思想体系的升级换代，由原来的自上而下的由少数资源控制者集中控制主导的互联网体系，转变为自下而上的由广大用户集体智慧和力量主导的互联网体系。
& #xff08; 6） web2.0 is an upgrade of the Internet's philosophy and philosophies & #xff0c; from a top-down Internet system dominated by a few resource controllers & #xff0c; to a bottom-up Internet system dominated by the collective wisdom and power of a wide range of users.
（7）web2.0 体现交互，可读可写，体现出的方面是各种微博、相册，用户参与性更强。
& #xff08; 7） web 2.0 for interactive & #xff0c; readable & #xff0c; various microblogs, albums & #xff0c; enhanced user participation.
1、多人参与
1. Multi-stakeholder participation
Web1.0里，互联网内容是由少数编辑人员（或站长）定制的，比如各门户网站；而在Web2.0里，则是由机构和个人共同提供资讯。
Web1.0 & #xff0c; Internet content is shared by a small number of editors & #xff08; or station director & #xff09; customized & #xff0c; e.g. portals & #xff1b; and web 2.0 & #xff0c; and information is shared by institutions and individuals.
2、人是灵魂
2. The human being is the soul.
在互联网的新时代，信息是由每个人贡献出来的，各个人共同组成互联网信息源。Web2.0的灵魂是人。
In the new era of the Internet xff0c; information is the contribution of everyone xff0c; individuals together form an Internet information source. The soul of Web 2.0 is human.
3、可读可写互联网
3. Readable and writeable Internet
在Web1.0里，互联网是“阅读式互联网”，而Web2.0是“可写可读互联网”。虽然每个人都参与信息供稿，但在大范围里看，贡献大部分内容的是小部分的人。
In Web1.0 & #xff0c; the Internet is a “readable Internet” & #xff0c; and Web 2.0 is a “writable and readable Internet”. While everyone is involved in the contribution of information & #xff0c; but on a wide scale & #xff0c; it is people who contribute most of the content.
4、Web2.0的元素
4. Elements of Web 2.0
Web2.0包含了我们经常使用到的服务，以BBS和博客为主要代表，“一对多”和“多对多”的传播模式并存。例如RSS、博客、播客、维基、P2P下载、社会书签、SNS、社区、分享服务等等。博客是Web2.0里十分重要的元素，因为它打破了门户网站的信息垄断，在未来里，博客的地位将更为重要。
Web2.0 contains the services we often use & #xff0c; BBS and blogs as the main representatives & #xff0c; “one pair” and “many pairs” of modes of communication that coexist. For example, RSS, blogs, podcasts, Wiki, P2P downloads, social bookmarks, SNS, communities, shared services, etc. The blog is a very important element in Web2.0c; it breaks the information monopoly on the portal & #xff0c; #xff0c in the future; the blog will be even more important.
5、个人看法
V. INDIVIDUAL PERSPECTIVES
Web2.0实际上是对Web1.0的信息源进行扩展，使其多样化和个性化。同时Web2.0以互动交流为特点，对信息的把关较为模糊。微博微信、电子刊物等、在线百科（WIKI）、问答式网络社区（ASK）
Web 2.0 is actually an extension of Web1.0 sources xff0c; it is diversified and personalized. Web2.0 is also characterized by interactive communication xff0c; there is a blurring of information. Webwet, electronic journals, etc., online encyclopedia xff08; WIKIxff09; question-and-answer network community xff08; ASKxff09;
Web3.0：时代还处于初级阶段。以太坊作为Web3.0的引领者，2015年才正式发布。即使是在2019年，能有效提高终端用户体验感的技术仍在开发当中。Web3.0
引入去中心化互联网、区块链、物联网和人工智能等，数据为主，去信任去中介化的价值互联Web3.0： the era is still in its early stages. It was only officially released in 2015 as Web3.0 leader & #xff0c. Even in 2019 & #xff0c; technologies are still being developed that effectively enhance end-user experience. Web3.0
introduces decentralised Internet, block chains, object networking and artificial intelligence & #xff0c; data #xff0c; detrust deintermediate value interconnections
Web3.0只是由业内人员制造出来的概念词语，最常见的解释是，网站内的信息可以直接和其他网站相关信息进行交互，能通过第三方信息平台同时对多家网站的信息进行整合使用；用户在互联网上拥有自己的数据，并能在不同网站上使用；完全基于web，用浏览器即可实现复杂系统程序才能实现的系统功能；用户数据审计后，同步于网络数据。
特征:
有效聚合
Feature:
Effective polymerization
Web3.0将应用Mashup技术对用户生成的内容信息进行整合，使得内容信息的特征性更加明显，便于检索。将精确地阐明信息内容特征的标签进行整合，提高信息描述的精确度，从而便于互联网用户的搜索与整理。同时，对于UGC的筛选性过滤也将成为Web3.0不同于Web2.0的主要特征之一。对于互联网用户的发布权限经过长期的认证，对其发布的信息做不同可信度的分离，可信度高的信息将会被推到互联网信息检索的首项，同时提供信息的互联网用户的可信度也会得到相应的提高。
Web3.0 will integrate content information generated by users using Mashup technology xff0c; make content information more visible xff0c; facilitate retrieval. Integration of labels that accurately characterize the content of information xff0c; increase in the accuracy of the description of information xff0c; thus facilitating the search and collation of Internet users. xff0c; filter filtering of UGC will also be one of the main features of Web3.0 as distinct from Web 2.0. Internet users'release rights are long-term certified xff0c; separation of the information they publish xff0c; high-reliability information will be pushed to the first item of Internet information retrieval xff0c; and the credibility of Internet users providing information will be improved accordingly.
最后聚合技术的应用将在Web3.0模式下发挥更大的作用，TAG/ONTO/RSS基础聚合设施，渐进式语义网的发展也将为Web3.0构建完备的内容聚合与应用聚合平台。将传统意义的聚合技术和挖掘技术相结合，创造出更加个性化、搜索反应迅速、准确的“Web挖掘个性化搜索引擎”。
The application of the final polymerization technology will play a greater role under the Web3.0 model & #xff0c; TAG/ONTO/RSS Basic Cohesion Facility & #xff0c; and the development of progressive semantic networks will also build a full platform for Web3.0 for content aggregation and application of polymerization. Combining traditional polymerization and excavation technologies & #xff0c; and creating a more personalized, responsive and accurate “Web dig individual search engine”.
普适性
General
Web3.0的网络模式将实现不同终端的兼容，从PC互联网到WAP手机，PDA，机顶盒，专用终端，不只应用在互联网这一单一终端上。
Web 3.0 Web mode will achieve compatibility of different terminals & #xff0c; from PC Internet to WAP mobile & #xff0c; PDA， top box & #xff0c; dedicated terminal & #xff0c; and not only on the Internet, a single terminal.
现有的Web2.0只能通过PC终端应用在互联网这一单一的平台上，面临现在层出不穷的新的移动终端的开发与应用都需要新的技术层面和理念层面的支持。而Web3.0将打破这一僵局，使得各种终端的用户群体都可以享受到在互联网上冲浪的便捷。
The existing Web 2.0 can only be used through PC terminals on a single platform xff0c; the development and application of new mobile terminals that are emerging now require new technological and conceptual support. Web3.0 will break the deadlock xff0c; and the user groups of the various terminals will be able to enjoy the ease of surfing on the Internet.
实现融合网络的普适化、公用显示装置与个人智能终端的通用，同时加入E-RAD的应用与研发，使得嵌入式技术在Web3.0模式下发挥更大的效力。良好的人性化用户体验、基础性个性化配置 Web3.0同样以人为本，将用户的偏好作为设计的主要考虑因素。Web3.0在对于UGC筛选性的过滤的基础上同时引入偏好信息处理与个性化引擎技术，对用户的行为特征进行分析，既寻找可信度高的UGC发布源，同时对互联网用户的搜索习惯进行整理、挖掘，得出最佳的设计方案，帮助互联网用户快速、准确地搜索到自己想要感兴趣的信息内容，避免了大量信息带来的搜索疲劳。
Universalization of integrated networks, public display devices and personal smart terminals & #xff0c; joining E-RAD applications and research and development & #xff0c; making embedded technologies more effective in Web3.0 mode. Good humanization of user experiences, foundational personalization configurations Web3.0 is also people-centred & #xff0c; using user preferences as the main design consideration. Web3.0 introduces preferential information processing and personalized engine technology & #xff0c; analysing user behavioural characteristics xff0c; searching for credible UGC sources #xff0c; simultaneously collating search practices of Internet users xff0c; deriving the best design options xff0c; helping Internet users to quickly and accurately search for the content they want to be interested in #xff0c; avoiding search fatigue resulting from a large amount of information.
个性化搜索引擎以有效的用户偏好信息处理为基础，对用户进行的各种操作以及用户提出的各种要求为依据，来分析用户的偏好。通过偏好系统得出的结论再归类到一起，在某一内容主题（如体育方面）形成一种内容，搜索的聚合，推送，达到更好的满足用户搜索，观看的需要。将这一技术引入广播电视中来，将会给传统电视带来巨大的影响。对于数字机顶盒的应用，IPTV、WebTV的推广提供了更好的聚合推送业务。
Personalized search engines are based on effective user preferences for information processing & #xff0c; xff0c based on user preferences and user requirements & xff0c; to analyse user preferences. The conclusions reached through preference systems are then grouped into one xff0c; xff08 in a content theme xff09; xff0c in sports; xff0c in a content & xff0c; ff0c in a search; xff0c; xff0c in a better way to meet user search xff0c; viewing needs. The introduction of this technology into radio and television xff0c; will have a significant impact on traditional television.
个性化引擎的建立是一偏好系统为基础，偏好系统的建立要全面而且与内容聚合相联系。有了一定的偏好分析，才能建立起完善的个性化引擎。
Personalized engines are built on the basis of a preferred system & #xff0c; preferred systems are built in a comprehensive manner and are linked to content aggregation. There is a certain preference analysis & #xff0c; perfect personalized engines are built.
数字新技术
Digital new technologies
Web3.0将建立可信的SNS（社会网络服务系统），可管理的VoIP与IM，可控的Blog/Vlog/Wiki，实现数字通信与信息处理、网络与计算、媒体内容与业务智能、传播与管理、艺术与人文的有序有效结合和融会贯通。
Web3.0 will establish a credible SNS（ social network service systems & #xff09; & #xff0c; managed VoIP and IM， controlled Blog/Vlog/Wiki， digital communication and information processing, networking and computing, media content and business intelligence, communication and management, and orderly and effective integration and integration of art and humanities.
Web2.0模式下的SNS－－网络社交平台，只是简单地将人与人通过互联网这一平台连接起来。通过互联网注册在SNS的平台上结交朋友这一途径，并不能确保注册信息的可靠性和有效性，并不是每一次交际圈的扩展都会带来相应的利益需求，这一过程进行下去的结果将会导致本身信息的外泄和零乱、不可靠信息的泛滥，颠覆了人们想利用互联网来扩展人际交往的初衷。这一问题在Web3.0模式下，将通过对用户的真实信息的核查与认证这一方式来解决。高可信度的信息发布源为以后交际圈的扩展提供了可靠的保障，与此同时，人们在交际的同时，也可以更迅速地找到自己需要的人才，并且可以完全信任这些可信度高的用户提供的信息，利用这些进一步扩展对自己的有利的交际圈。
SNS－ xff0d; xff0c; Web social networking platform xff0c; simply connecting people with people via the Internet. The way friends are registered on SNS platforms via the Internet xff0c; does not ensure the reliability and validity of registered information xff0c; does not provide a corresponding interest requirement for every extended circle xff0c; this process will result in the release of its own information and the proliferation of unreliable information xff0c; subverts the original intent of people to use the Internet to expand their contacts xff0c; it can also find their own talent xff0c under Web3.0 mode
Web3.0模式下可管理的VoIP与IM，同样为互联网用户的使用提供了方便快捷的服务方式。可信度越高、信用度越好的用户发布的信息将会被自动置顶，既提高了信息源发布者的可信度，同时使得这些有用、真实的信息更快地出现在用户的面前，发挥信息的最大效力，提高了信息的使用率、降低了信息查找的时间损耗。
The VoIP and IM，, which can be managed under the Web3.0 mode, also provides easy and fast service to Internet users. The more credible the better credit the user sends, the more information will be automatically top xff0c; both enhances the credibility of the source publisher xff0c; and enables the useful and real information to appear more quickly before the user xff0c; maximizes the effectiveness of the information xff0c; improves the use of information and reduces the time spent on finding it.
Web3.0模式下可控的Blog/Vlog/Wiki，同样也是为了提高消息的利用率与查找信息的便捷度而生的。这些原本在Web2.0模式下允许用户随意发布的Blog/Vlog/Wiki会使得网络上堆积大量杂乱无章的信息，为用户的搜索带来了极大的不便。由此，Web3.0提出了“可控”这一概念，使得信息的发布与使用连接起来，如果想搜索高可信度的信息，可以点击可信度高的用户撰写的Blog/Vlog/Wiki，实现可信内容与用户访问的对接。
Controllable Blog/Vlog/Wiki， under the Web3.0 model; also created to improve the use of information and the ease with which information can be found. These weblog/Vlog/Wiki under the Web 2.0 model, which would have allowed users to publish randomly, would have caused a huge pile of chaotic information on the network & #xff0c; created a great inconvenience for users to search. As a result, xff0c; Web3.0 introduced the concept of “controllable” xff0c; linked the publication and use of information xff0c; xff0c if you want to search for highly credible information xff0c; click on a trusted user to write Blog/Vlog/Wiki， and achieve a credible interface with user access.
垂直网站
Vertical site
从2010年开始，垂直网站进入“Web 3.0时代”。3.0时代的特征是个性化、互动性和深入的应用服务：更加彻底地站在用户角度；多渠道阅读、本地化内容；用户间应用体验的分享；应用拉动营销，用户口碑拉动营销。用户的应用体验与分享，对网站流量和产品营销具有决定性作用；移动互联网和垂直网络实现有效对接，不是对接内容，而是用户体验和分享层面。同时，垂直网站将与B2C实现对接，从而实现产品数据库查询、体验、购买、分享等整个过程的一体化。
Starting in 2010, xff0c; vertical web access to the “Web 3.0 era.” The 3.0 era was characterized by a sexualized, interactive and in-depth application service xff1a; a more thorough approach to the user perspective xff1b; multichannel reading, localized content xff1b; user-to-user experience sharing xff1b; application-pudding xff0c; user-advocacy-pub; user-publishing xff0c; determining website flow and product marketing xff1b; mobile Internet and vertical networks to achieve effective interface xff0c; not interface content xff0c; but user experience and sharing dimension.
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